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Dear Colleagues,

There is an increasing understanding of cardiovascular disorders in animals because of the utilization of diagnostic facilities by practitioners. Many research studies in cardiovascular research in human and animal models are now looking for new techniques rather than conventional methods of diagnosis for rapid assessment of the heart to enable early detection of heart failure, enhance outcomes, or build up new effective therapeutic strategies. This Special Issue is aimed at gathering recent studies utilizing new diagnosis and treatment techniques concerning cardiovascular medicine in veterinary practice.

Prof. Dr. Ryo Tanaka
Dr. Ahmed S. Mandour
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

animals
heart failure
diagnosis
treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 764 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Beraprost Sodium for Pulmonary Hypertension in Dogs: Effect on Hemodynamics and Cardiac Function

by Ryohei Suzuki, Yunosuke Yuchi, Takahiro Saito, Yuyo Yasumura, Takahiro Teshima, Hirotaka Matsumoto and Hidekazu Koyama

Animals 2022, 12(16), 2078; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12162078 - 15 Aug 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2130

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal condition that affects many dogs. In humans, PH is often treated with beraprost sodium (BPS). However, the effectiveness of BPS for canine PH has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and cardiovascular response of BPS in canine patients with PH of various causes. Sixteen dogs with PH (post-capillary PH, n = 8; pre-capillary PH, n = 8) were included. BPS was continuously administered twice daily at 15 µg/kg. All dogs underwent echocardiography, including speckle-tracking analysis and blood pressure measurement, before and after BPS administration. Continuous BPS administration (range: 13.2–22.0 µg/kg) significantly decreased the pulmonary and systemic vascular impedance and increased left and right ventricular myocardial strain. In dogs with post-capillary PH, BPS administration caused no significant worsening of the left atrial pressure indicators. No side effects of BPS were observed in any dog. BPS also improved cardiac function and pulmonary circulation through pulmonary vasodilation, suggesting that BPS may be an additional treatment option for canine PH of various causes. Particularly, BPS increased left ventricular function and systemic circulation without worsening the left heart loading condition in dogs with post-capillary PH. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches to Cardiovascular Diseases in Animals)

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Review

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17 pages, 3194 KiB

Open AccessReview

Non-Invasive Assessment of the Intraventricular Pressure Using Novel Color M-Mode Echocardiography in Animal Studies: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Veterinary Medicine

by Ahmed S. Mandour, Ahmed Farag, Mahmoud A. Y. Helal, Gamal El-Masry, Salim Al-Rejaie, Ken Takahashi, Tomohiko Yoshida, Lina Hamabe and Ryou Tanaka

Animals 2023, 13(15), 2452; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152452 - 29 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2396

Abstract

The assessment of diastolic function has received great interest in order to comprehend its crucial role in the pathophysiology of heart failure and for the early identification of cardiac events. Silent changes in the intraventricular flow (IVF) dynamics occur before the deterioration of the cardiac wall, although they cannot be detected using conventional echocardiography. Collective information on left ventricular (LV) pressures throughout the cardiac cycle has great value when dealing with patients with altered hemodynamics. Accurate pressure measurement inside the ventricle can be obtained by invasive methods to determine the LV diastolic pressures, which reflect the myocardial relaxation and compliance. However, catheterization is only feasible in the laboratory setting and is not suitable for clinical use due to its disadvantages. In contrast, echocardiography is simple, safe, and accessible. Color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) is an advanced cardiac evaluation technique that can measure the intraventricular pressure differences (IVPDs) and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) based on the Doppler shift of the IVF. Recently, the assessment of IVPD and IVPG has gained growing interest in the cardiovascular literature in both animal and human studies as a non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of cardiac dysfunctions, especially diastolic ones. The usability of IVPD and IVPG has been reported in various surgically induced heart failure or pharmacologically altered cardiac functions in rats, dogs, cats, and goats. This report aims to give an overview of the current studies of CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG in animal studies and its feasibility for clinical application in veterinary practice and to provide the prospects of the technique’s ability to improve our understanding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches to Cardiovascular Diseases in Animals)

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