Oxidative Stress in Aquaculture Organisms: Impact of Environmental Stressors and Nutritional Factors

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1311

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Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Rio Grande—FURG, Rio Grande 96203-000, RS, Brazil
Interests: marine biotechnology; dietary supplements; shrimp nutrition; shrimp physiology; antioxidants; chemo-protectans; nanotechnology
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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Nutrition of Aquatic Organisms (LANOA), Institute of Oceanography (IO), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96203-000, RS, Brazil
Interests: aquaculture; marine biotechnology; dietary supplements; fish nutrition; fish biology; shrimp nutrition; body composition; marine aquaculture; aquaculture fisheries; aquatic science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Intensive aquaculture production generates various challenges and stress factors that can severely affect production. Many of these factors (temperature, hypoxia/reoxygenation, toxins, infectious diseases, etc.) directly or indirectly generate reactive oxygen species that can then cause oxidative stress in the organism. This condition can affect the survival of the organisms in culture, their growth, or the shelf time of the final product (e.g., lipid peroxidation of the filé). From a biochemical and physiological point of view, a large number of bioactive compounds can simultaneously induce antioxidant effects and chemiprotection in organisms against various stress factors and modulate metabolic responses, opening possibilities for generating nutritional strategies that urgently need to be further explored. This Special Issue aims to promote the knowledge and use of supplementation strategies for bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties that promote broad protection against various stress factors and improve the zootechnical responses of organisms in culture. Manuscripts that address molecular, biochemical, physiological, and zootechnical variables from a multidisciplinary perspective are welcome, as are those that use nanotechnology to generate supplements with antioxidant characteristics or drugs against various types of diseases.

Dr. José María Monserrat
Dr. Marcelo Borges Tesser
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chemoprotection
  • bioactive molecules
  • precision nutrition
  • feeds, health, nanotechnology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4695 KiB  
Article
Effect of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Immune Tissues from Schizothorax prenanti
by Jiqin Huang, Wei Jiang, Hongying Ma, Han Zhang, Hu Zhao, Qijun Wang and Jianlu Zhang
Animals 2025, 15(9), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091298 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 326
Abstract
Schizothorax prenanti is an economically important cold-water fish in China. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce an immune response in S. prenanti; however, little is known about the effects of LPS on oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis in S. prenanti. In this study, [...] Read more.
Schizothorax prenanti is an economically important cold-water fish in China. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce an immune response in S. prenanti; however, little is known about the effects of LPS on oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis in S. prenanti. In this study, S. prenanti fish were stimulated with LPS at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight. After 0 h, 12 h and 24 h, the tissue samples were collected. The OS- and apoptosis-related genes and enzymatic activities in the liver, head kidney (HK), and spleen of S. prenanti were analyzed by a two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hematoxylin and eosin and terminal transferase uridyl nick end labeling staining were also performed. In S. prenanti, LPS administration downregulated the catalase (CAT) and B-cell lymphoma/Leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) expression levels, and upregulated BCL2-associated X (Bax) and cysteine-aspartic-specific protease-3 (caspase-3) expression levels. Meanwhile, superoxide dismutase and CAT enzymatic activities were inhibited and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased by LPS treatment. Additionally, LPS treatment induced OS damage and apoptosis in tissue sections. These results indicated that apoptosis in the liver, HK, and spleen of LPS-administered S. prenanti may be mediated by OS via the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. Our findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the responses of different tissues to bacterial challenges. In addition, we can increase the tolerance of fish to the OS through dietary manipulation in the future. Full article
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21 pages, 2104 KiB  
Article
Salinity Tolerance in Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens): Investigating Biochemical, Antioxidant, Digestive Enzyme, and Gene Expression Responses to Acute Salinity Stress
by Justice Frimpong Amankwah, Wu Jin, Xueyan Ma, Pao Xu, Haibo Wen, Kennedy Emeka Amuneke, Brian Pelekelo Munganga, Kang Li, Jingwei Liu and Hongxia Li
Animals 2025, 15(7), 1015; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15071015 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 551
Abstract
Variations in salinity levels in aquaculture significantly influence fish physiology, impacting population dynamics and industry viability. This study aimed to examine the physiological response of the freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) to differing salinity conditions, assessing its potential for cultivation in brackish [...] Read more.
Variations in salinity levels in aquaculture significantly influence fish physiology, impacting population dynamics and industry viability. This study aimed to examine the physiological response of the freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) to differing salinity conditions, assessing its potential for cultivation in brackish water environments. Fish averaging 45 ± 0.1 g were subjected to acute salinity tests across three groups: a control group at 0‰ and experimental groups at 7.5‰ and 15‰ over four days. The initial findings indicated that A. grunniens could tolerate salinity levels up to 15‰ without adverse effects. Key biochemical markers, such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, exhibited significant fluctuations but decreased over time. Antioxidant enzyme activity increased relative to the control, while malondialdehyde levels declined, indicating effective oxidative stress management. Additionally, digestive enzymes like amylase and lipase demonstrated adaptability to changing salinity. The expression of heat shock proteins 70 and 90 in the gills and livers varied initially but showed no sustained changes. Overall, the results suggest that A. grunniens possesses notable resilience to salinity variations, indicating its suitability for brackish water aquaculture and highlighting the optimal salinity ranges for promoting growth. Full article
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