Gamete and Stem Cell Vitrification in Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2026 | Viewed by 4199

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
International Livestock Research Centre, Gold Coast 4211, Australia
Interests: in vitro fertilization (IVF); embryo vitrification; stem cell biology; animal cloning; animal breeding
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to explore the recent advancements, challenges, and future directions in the field of gamete and stem cell vitrification. Vitrification, a technique for cryopreserving cells and tissues, has revolutionized various fields, including assisted reproduction, regenerative medicine, and conservation biology. This Special Issue seeks to highlight the latest research and innovations in gamete and cell vitrification, with particular interest in simplifying the process.

Although the vitrification of biological materials, including molecules, cells, tissues, organs, and even some whole organisms, has been widely used, research progress in this area has been somewhat hindered by the widespread use of commercialized kits. Consequently, there has been a slower pace in the development of certain methods, such as the direct transfer of vitrified embryos. We invite original research papers that address methods and approaches in vitrification, with a focus on overcoming these challenges and advancing the field.

Animals does not publish articles describing the use of animals solely to provide information of relevance to humans, e.g., for development of human medicines.

Dr. Muren Herrid
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • vitrification
  • sperm
  • oocyte
  • embryo
  • stem cells

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 410 KB  
Article
Supplementing Coenzyme Q10 During the Vitrification and In Vitro Maturation of Dromedary Camel Oocytes Significantly Enhances Their Developmental Competence
by Karim A. Yaqout, Abou Bakr A. El-Wishy, Adel R. Moawad, Magdy R. Badr and Amr S. El-Shalofy
Animals 2026, 16(7), 1079; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16071079 - 1 Apr 2026
Viewed by 296
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) and/or vitrification of immature dromedary camel oocytes on their subsequent in vitro developmental competence. Additionally, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were assessed in [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) and/or vitrification of immature dromedary camel oocytes on their subsequent in vitro developmental competence. Additionally, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were assessed in the IVM spent medium. In experiment 1, cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs, n = 808) collected from slaughtered dromedary camel ovaries were cultured in IVM media supplemented with either 0, 25, 50, or 100 μM CoQ10 for 36 h. Matured oocytes were then fertilized in vitro with epididymal camel spermatozoa. Eighteen hours post-insemination (pi), presumptive zygotes were cultured in vitro for 7 days. In experiment 2, a total of 875 COCs were randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups, namely (a) Vit−/IVM− (control) group, where COCs were vitrified in vitrification solution (VS; 25% DMSO + 25% EG) and matured in IVM media without CoQ10 supplementation; (b) Vit+/IVM− group, in which COCs were vitrified in a VS supplemented with 50 µM CoQ10 and matured in IVM media without CoQ10 supplementation; (c) Vit−/IVM+ group, where COCs were vitrified in VS without CoQ10 supplementation and matured in IVM media supplemented with 50 µM CoQ10; and (d) Vit+/IVM+ group, where COCs were vitrified in VS and matured in IVM media, both supplemented with 50 µM CoQ10. Following vitrification and warming, oocyte viability was evaluated morphologically and by trypan blue staining. Viable oocytes were then matured, fertilized, and cultured in vitro. In experiment 3, TAC and MDA concentrations in the IVM spent media were analyzed. Results showed that 50 µM CoQ10 supplementation to IVM media enhanced cumulus expansion, nuclear maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst rates (experiment 1). Adding 50 µM CoQ10 to the VS enhanced (p ≤ 0.05) oocyte viability compared to those vitrified in CoQ10-free media. Cumulus cell expansion and nuclear maturation rates were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in Vit−/IVM+ than in Vit+/IVM+ and Vit−/IVM− groups. Furthermore, cleavage and blastocyst rates were the highest (p ≤ 0.05) in Vit−/IVM+ group (experiment 2). The concentrations of TCA were higher, and the concentrations of MDA were lower (p ≤ 0.05) in Vit−/IVM+ than in other groups (experiment 3). In conclusion, supplementation of CoQ10 in the maturation medium of vitrified–warmed immature dromedary camel oocytes may enhance their in vitro developmental competence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gamete and Stem Cell Vitrification in Animals)
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13 pages, 249 KB  
Article
Optimization of Vitrification Protocols for Feline Epididymal Spermatozoa: Impact on Post-Warming Sperm Quality and Fertilizing Potential
by Wirakan Kallayanathum, Larindhorn Udomthanaisit and Theerawat Tharasanit
Animals 2025, 15(13), 1919; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15131919 - 29 Jun 2025
Viewed by 811
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a powerful tool for genetic preservation, assisted reproduction, and the conservation of valuable species [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gamete and Stem Cell Vitrification in Animals)
17 pages, 4722 KB  
Article
Effects and Mechanisms of Imperatorin on Vitrified Mouse Oocytes
by Yuan Feng, Mengyuan Zhang, Wenqing Yuan, Dan Zhao, Zhixuan Luo, Zihui Tang, Yongheng Wang and Ming Cang
Animals 2025, 15(5), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15050661 - 25 Feb 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2087
Abstract
Imperatorin (IMP) is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin with beneficial biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and neuromodulatory properties. Currently, the protective effects and mechanisms of IMP on oxidative stress experienced by mouse oocytes after vitrification–thawing remain unclear. To investigate the influence of IMP [...] Read more.
Imperatorin (IMP) is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin with beneficial biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and neuromodulatory properties. Currently, the protective effects and mechanisms of IMP on oxidative stress experienced by mouse oocytes after vitrification–thawing remain unclear. To investigate the influence of IMP on mouse oocyte development after vitrification–thawing, we added different concentrations of IMP to the vitrification and thawing media. Results indicated that the addition of 40 μM IMP enhanced post-thaw fertilization capacity, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and increased intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. IMP also improved mitochondrial health by alleviating the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and enhancing mitochondrial distribution. IMP reduced intracellular ROS levels by affecting the transcription of the antioxidant genes SOD2, NRF2, and HO-1 and enhancing SOD activity. It also elevated GSH levels via GPX1, improved mitochondrial function, and decreased early apoptosis through Bcl-2. In conclusion, IMP enhanced ovum health through the alleviation of oxidative stress. The present study provides useful information for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of IMP in female reproductive cells and offers a novel approach for the improvement of vitrification technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gamete and Stem Cell Vitrification in Animals)
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