The Future of Antibiotics in Farm Animal Production Systems
A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 45775
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Antimicrobial resistance has been described as potentially causing the end of modern medicine and England’s Chief Medical Officer has warned of the “post-antibiotic apocalypse”. The spotlight has fallen on the use of antibiotics in farm animals and how that use has impacted on the development of antimicrobial resistance in human patients. The most recent of these is the development of resistance to colistin which has been linked to its use on pig farms in China. Ironically, colistin, which is an antibiotic that was first used almost 60 years, has only recently become important in humans because, despite being both nephro- and neurotoxic, it is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria such Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antibiotics have a long history in farm animals. For example, penicillin was first used in people in 1942; within three years it was being used to treat mastitis in dairy cows. Unfortunately, so does antimicrobial resistance with the first report of “resistance of chronic staphylococcic bovine mastitis to massive penicillin therapy” occurring in 1947. Nevertheless, penicillin is still an effective treatment for bovine mastitis more than 70 years after it was first used; similarly cloxacillin, which was first used more than 50 years ago in dry cows, is still an effective means of treating subclinical mastitis at drying off.
Since the introduction of sulphonamides and penicillin there has been a huge expansion in the range and number of antibacterials available in human medicine. Many of those have become available on farm, so we have far more options for treating and preventing disease than we did even 20 years ago. This is undoubtedly a good thing from an animal welfare perspective—better antibiotics lead to higher cure rates. However, the pipeline of new antibiotics is drying up and we need to better preserve those antibiotics that we have, by better management of their use. Additionally, irrespective of the arguments about the importance of antibiotic use in farm animals as a source of resistant bacteria for humans we need to be seen to managing antibiotic use more effectively and more carefully on farms.
The theme of this Special Issue is the future use of antibiotics on farm. Where are we going to be in 20 years’ time, will that be where we want to be and how are we going to get there? These are the key questions that need answering. Or to put it another way: How can we reduce, refine and replace antibiotic use? We encourage you to submit papers which answer or attempt to answer any of those questions
Dr. Richard Laven
Guest Editor
Manuscript Submission Information
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Keywords
- Antibiotics
- Farm animals
- Antimicrobial resistance
- Refine
- Reduce
- Replace
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