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Animals
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Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair
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Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 18322

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Francesco Macrì

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: radiology; ultrasound; endoscopy and surgery in small animals
Dr. Simona Di Pietro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, ‎Italy
Interests: internal medicine; ophthalmology; CEUS; emergency care; dog; cat‎
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cecilia Vullo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
Interests: veterinary surgery; veterinary science; veterinary anesthesiology

Special Issue Information

We invite original research papers that address improved orthopedics and fracture repair in animals.

Orthopedic surgery and traumatology have undergone a significant evolution in the last 10 years. The topics of this Special Issue encompass all aspects of musculoskeletal research, diagnoses, and treatment, including, but not limited to, musculoskeletal trauma, orthopedic oncology, infections, degenerative diseases, surgery of the extremity, spine, adult reconstructive surgery of the hip and knee, congenital anomalies, and regenerative medicine.

Furthermore, this Special Issue aims to include topics in biotechnology such as the application of synthetic growth factors, autologous growth factors and platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds, and bone substitutes.

The areas of interest include surgery, minimally invasive procedures, diagnostic imaging, and regenerative medicine.

Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to present high-quality documents focused on new surgical techniques and approaches in small and large animals, including laboratory and exotic animals. Our goal is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible.

Research articles, case reports, case series, and original reviews are invited for submission to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Francesco Macrì
Dr. Simona Di Pietro
Dr. Cecilia Vullo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • musculoskeletal trauma
  • orthopedic oncology
  • infections
  • degenerative diseases
  • surgery of the extremity
  • spine
  • adult reconstructive surgery of the hip and knee
  • congenital anomalies
  • regenerative medicine

Published Papers (4 papers)

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17 pages, 6128 KiB  
Article
Flunixin Meglumine Enhanced Bone Fracture Healing in Rabbits Associated with Activation of Early Collagen Deposition and Enhancement of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression
by Mohamed Elgendy, Gamal Elsayad, Magdi Seleim, Walied Abdo, Roua S. Baty, Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy and Ayman Atiba
Animals 2021, 11(10), 2834; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102834 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3206
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used postoperative analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatories, and they help prevent blood clotting. However, most NSAIDs delay bone healing. This study was aimed to investigate bone healing in a rabbit animal model by assessing the [...] Read more.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used postoperative analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatories, and they help prevent blood clotting. However, most NSAIDs delay bone healing. This study was aimed to investigate bone healing in a rabbit animal model by assessing the ability of flunixin meglumine (FM) and ketoprofen to induce fracture healing by examining histology, radiological changes, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunostaining during bone healing. For this purpose, 24 New Zealand rabbits were assigned to three groups: the control group, the FM group, and the ketoprofen group. Our results revealed that there were no intraoperative complications, and all surviving rabbits achieved full-weight bearing. Significant periosteal reaction and callus formation were confirmed at 2 postoperative weeks. Interestingly, FM enhanced callus formation, bone union, and remodeling in the FM group compared to the control and ketoprofen groups. FM enhanced bone healing through early collagen deposition and marked angiogenesis process activation by increasing the expression of VEGF. Our findings demonstrated, for the first time, the potential imperative action of FM in the bone healing process rather than other NSAIDs in animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair)
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15 pages, 3946 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of a Novel Resorbable Implant of Polylactic Acid (PLA) for Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA) by Modified Maquet Technique (MMT)
by Victoria Valiño-Cultelli, Óscar Varela-López and Antonio González-Cantalapiedra
Animals 2021, 11(5), 1271; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051271 - 28 Apr 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2771
Abstract
Our objectives were to determine whether PLA implants can be used in TTA with successful results; secondly, to observe whether they provide a faster bone healing; finally, to determine whether weight or age influences bone healing scores. PLA cages were created with a [...] Read more.
Our objectives were to determine whether PLA implants can be used in TTA with successful results; secondly, to observe whether they provide a faster bone healing; finally, to determine whether weight or age influences bone healing scores. PLA cages were created with a 3D printer. TTA by MMT with PLA implants was performed in 24 patients. Follow-ups were carried out pre-surgical, at 1, 2, and 5 months and consisted of a radiographic study and a lameness assessment. A comparison was performed in terms of weight and age. Patients data, time between follow-up examinations, healing score, and lameness score were compared between patients using commercial software for statistically significant differences p < 0.05. Eighteen dogs finished the study. The ossification degrees presented statistically significant differences between each other. PLA implants maintained the advancement in 100% of cases. Comparing weight and age did not present any statistically significant differences between groups. Lameness presented statistically significant differences between follow-up examinations. Complications were observed in 20.8%. PLA implants for TTA provide good functional results, presenting an acceptable rate of complications. They provide a faster bone healing of the osteotomy gap, which was not affected by age or body weight, and have a clinical recovery time similar to metallic implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair)
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7 pages, 1547 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Bone Healing Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Non-Operative Treatment of Tibial Fracture in a Puppy Dog
by Francesco Macrì, Vito Angileri, Teresa Russo, Maria Tomiko Russo, Marco Tabbì and Simona Di Pietro
Animals 2021, 11(2), 284; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020284 - 23 Jan 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7254
Abstract
A 10-month-old mixed-breed male dog was presented with an oblique tibial fracture. The dog was treated with a Robert Jones-like bandage as a conservative approach, and was subjected to X-ray, B-mode, Color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations during the fracture healing, in [...] Read more.
A 10-month-old mixed-breed male dog was presented with an oblique tibial fracture. The dog was treated with a Robert Jones-like bandage as a conservative approach, and was subjected to X-ray, B-mode, Color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations during the fracture healing, in order to assess bone hemodynamic changes. B-mode, Power Doppler and CEUS examinations of the fracture gap were performed at 7, 20, 35, and 50 days post-trauma. Quantitative analysis of CEUS and perfusion parameters were obtained. On CEUS, a steep incline in signal numbers was visible in fracture gap at 7 days with peaks at 35 days, after which the vascularization decreases gradually over the next days. In this study, CEUS provided important information on the early stages of the callus formation and on the healing of neighboring tissues, allowing recognition of a correct bone healing. Moreover, the number of vascular signals on CEUS was greater than that on Doppler images on the same day. This report showed the application of CEUS in controlling the fracture healing process. CEUS could be a method of monitoring the remedial processes, assessing the tibial fracture perfusion characterized by low-velocity, small-volume blood flows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair)
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10 pages, 1047 KiB  
Systematic Review
Canine Seventh Lumbar Vertebra Fracture: A Systematic Review
by Chiara Caterino, Federica Aragosa, Giovanni Della Valle and Gerardo Fatone
Animals 2022, 12(2), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12020193 - 13 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3486
Abstract
(1) Background: Lumbosacral traumatic injuries are reported as 39% of canine vertebral lesions. This area is prone to fracture and luxation. Several surgical techniques were described from 1975 to 2021 to stabilize the traumatic injuries of the lumbosacral junction. This report aims to [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Lumbosacral traumatic injuries are reported as 39% of canine vertebral lesions. This area is prone to fracture and luxation. Several surgical techniques were described from 1975 to 2021 to stabilize the traumatic injuries of the lumbosacral junction. This report aims to critically review the available literature focused on clinical presentation, surgical techniques, and follow-up of the lumbar vertebra fracture. (2) Methods: Three bibliographic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used with a board search of Lumbosacral junction fracture AND, of L7 fracture AND (canine OR dog). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for case reports and case series was applied for the studies included. (3) Results: A total of 432 reports yielded only nine that met the inclusion criteria. Non-ambulatory paraparesis/plegia, sciatic nerve involvement, faecal/urinary incontinence, and severe back lumbar pain were the most reported signs. Survey radiographs were the most reported technique to confirm the diagnoses. The surgical treatment was reported in all reports examined with a good long-term prognosis. (4) Conclusions: The seventh lumbar vertebra fracture, despite the different surgical techniques performed, had a favourable prognosis for long-term outcome and neurological recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair)
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