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Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug...
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Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug Resistance and Control

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 6744

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
Interests: molecular pathogens and immunology of livestock and poultry; co-infection and synergistic pathogenic mechanism of pathogens; antibiotic resistance; quorum-sensing systems; biofilms; phage–microbe interaction; antimicrobial agents; plant extracts
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Geographical, demographic, environmental, and social characteristics have driven a global rapid development of the livestock and poultry industry. However, it is undeniable that this development has brought about significant issues, such as infectious diseases (and especially zoonotic infectious diseases), antibiotic resistance, and ecological issues. The harm caused by infectious diseases is second to none. The current scenario in bacteria-related infectious diseases in livestock and poultry has attracted the attention of researchers, prompting them to explore the epidemiology, pathogenic mechanisms, drug resistance and transmission mechanisms, as well as prevention and control strategies of livestock- and poultry-related bacteria.

We welcome researchers to submit their original research, reviews, and brief reports. The potential themes covered by this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Epidemiology;
  • Pathogenic mechanisms;
  • Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms;
  • Emerging and endemic bacterial infections in livestock and poultry;
  • Development of accurate typing methods to track the dissemination of zoonotic bacteria;
  • Development of sustainable detection methods to tackle bacterial infections in livestock and poultry;
  • Strategies for preventing and controlling livestock- and poultry-related bacteria, such as vaccine development research, antivirulence therapies, and drugs.

Prof. Dr. Yang Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • livestock and poultry
  • pathogens
  • pathogenesis
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • vaccines
  • antivirulence therapies and drugs
  • pathogen detection methods

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1613 KiB  
Article
Genome-Based Analysis of Genetic Diversity, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Virulence Gene Distribution in Salmonella Pullorum Isolates from Poultry in China
by Yiluo Cheng, Jigao Zhang, Qi Huang, Qingping Luo, Tengfei Zhang and Rui Zhou
Animals 2024, 14(18), 2675; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14182675 - 14 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1345
Abstract
Pullorum disease, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum) infection, is a major pathogenic threat to the poultry industry. In this study, 40 S. Pullorum isolates from seven provinces of China were comprehensively analyzed in terms of antigenic type [...] Read more.
Pullorum disease, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum) infection, is a major pathogenic threat to the poultry industry. In this study, 40 S. Pullorum isolates from seven provinces of China were comprehensively analyzed in terms of antigenic type and antimicrobial susceptibility, and their drug-resistance genes and virulence genes were identified with whole-genome sequencing (WGS). We show that all these isolates were standard antigenic types, with ST92 the predominant genotype (92.5%). Disk diffusion assays revealed high resistance rates to streptomycin (92.5%), ciprofloxacin (82.5%), and ampicillin (80%), and the resistance rates to streptomycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, and cefotaxime were higher in isolates from sick chickens than in those from healthy chickens. In addition, gyrA mutations and eight acquired resistance genes were identified, with aac(6′)-Iaa the most prevalent, followed by blaTEM1β, sul2, and the GyrA S83F mutation. The resistance phenotypes to streptomycin, ampicillin, and ciprofloxacin correlated strongly with the presence of the aac(6′)-Iaa resistance gene, blaTEM1β resistance gene, and gyrA mutations, respectively. Analysis of the virulence genes showed that the isolates expressed numerous factors associated with secretion systems, including SPI-1 and SPI-2. Overall, this study extends our understanding of the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of S. Pullorum in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug Resistance and Control)
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13 pages, 1991 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation of Bordetella bronchiseptica in Central China, with Evidence of a Rare Heteroresistance Strain to Gentamicin
by Li Yi, Haoran Fan, Shuo Yuan, Rishun Li, Haikun Wang, Yingying Quan, Hui Zhang, Yuxin Wang and Yang Wang
Animals 2024, 14(9), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14091301 - 25 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1886
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a significant contributor to respiratory disease in pigs, leading to substantial economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. We isolated 52 B. bronchiseptica strains from 542 samples collected from pigs with atrophic rhinitis and bronchopneumonia in central China. Multi-locus sequence [...] Read more.
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a significant contributor to respiratory disease in pigs, leading to substantial economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. We isolated 52 B. bronchiseptica strains from 542 samples collected from pigs with atrophic rhinitis and bronchopneumonia in central China. Multi-locus sequence typing identified two prevalent sequence types: ST6 (69.23%) and ST7 (30.77%). PCR-based detection of seven virulence genes (fhaB, prn, cyaA, dnt, bteA, fla, and bfrZ) revealed that six of these genes were present in over 90% of the isolates, with bfrZ being the exception at 59.62%. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, performed using the K-B method, demonstrated high sensitivity to enrofloxacin, polymyxin, and doxycycline but a notable resistance to tylosin, trimethoprim, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin. Remarkably, 86.54% of the isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype. Notably, we successfully screened a strain of B. bronchiseptica with a heteroresistance phenotype to gentamicin using population analysis profiling, which is a rare case. Biofilm-formation assays indicated that 96.15% of the isolates possessed biofilm-forming capabilities. These findings provide crucial insights into the prevalence of B. bronchiseptica in central China, facilitating the development of effective preventive measures to safeguard both animal and human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug Resistance and Control)
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13 pages, 4164 KiB  
Article
Comparative Genome Analysis of Two Streptococcus suis Serotype 8 Strains Identifies Two New Virulence-Associated Genes
by Qi Sheng, Qiuhua Xu, Zouran Lan and Zongfu Wu
Animals 2024, 14(4), 572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14040572 - 8 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1876
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is an important zoonotic pathogen that can cause meningitis and septicemia in swine and humans. Among numerous pathogenic serotypes, S. suis serotype 8 has distinctive characteristics such as a high detection rate and causing multi-host infection. There is no complete genome [...] Read more.
Streptococcus suis is an important zoonotic pathogen that can cause meningitis and septicemia in swine and humans. Among numerous pathogenic serotypes, S. suis serotype 8 has distinctive characteristics such as a high detection rate and causing multi-host infection. There is no complete genome of serotype 8 strains so far. In this study, the complete genome of two S. suis serotype 8 strains, virulent strain 2018WUSS151 and non-virulent strain WUSS030, were sequenced. Comparative genomic analysis showed that the homology of the two genomes reaches 99.68%, and the main difference is the distinctive prophages. There are 83 genes unique to virulent strain 2018WUSS151, including three putative virulence-associated genes (PVGs). Two PVGs, padR and marR, are passenger genes in ISSsu2 family transposons that are able to form circular DNA intermediates during transposition, indicating the possibility of horizontal transmission among S. suis strains. The deletion mutant of PVGs marR or atpase attenuated the virulence of serotype 2 virulent SC070731 in a mouse infection model, confirming their role in S. suis virulence. These findings contribute to clarifying the genomic characterization of S. suis serotype 8 and S. suis pathogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug Resistance and Control)
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Review

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25 pages, 1270 KiB  
Review
Prevalence of ESBL-Resistant Genes in Birds in Italy—A Comprehensive Review
by Muhammad Tahir Sarfraz Khan, Nicoletta Formenti, Giovanni Tosi, Flavia Guarneri, Federico Scali, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi, Eugenio Monti and Giovanni Loris Alborali
Animals 2025, 15(11), 1598; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15111598 - 29 May 2025
Viewed by 594
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global concern in both human and veterinary medicine. Among antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria, Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) pose a serious health risk because infections can be difficult to treat. These Gram-negative bacteria can be frequently found in poultry [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global concern in both human and veterinary medicine. Among antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria, Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) pose a serious health risk because infections can be difficult to treat. These Gram-negative bacteria can be frequently found in poultry and in Italy, where such protein production is established. ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella in chicken and turkey may pose a significant public health risk due to potential transmission between poultry and humans. This review aims to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella phenotypically and genotypically in Italian poultry, identifying the most common genes, detection methods and potential information gaps. An initial pool of 1462 studies found in scientific databases (Web of Sciences, PubMed, etc.) was screened and 29 were identified as eligible for our review. Of these studies, 79.3% investigated both phenotypic and genotypic ESBL expression while blaCTX−M, blaTEM and blaSHV were considered as targeted gene families. Large differences in prevalence were reported (0–100%). The blaCTX−M−1 and blaTEM−1 genes were the most prevalent in Italian territory. ESBL-producing E. coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella were frequently detected in farms and slaughterhouses, posing a potential threat to humans through contact (direct and indirect) with birds through handling, inhalation of infected dust, drinking contaminated water, ingestion of meat and meat products and the environment. Considering the frequent occurrence of ESBL-producing bacteria in Italian poultry, it is advisable to further improve biosecurity and to introduce more systematic surveillance. Additionally, the focus should be on the wild birds as they are ESBL carriers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteria Disease Research in Livestock and Poultry: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Drug Resistance and Control)
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