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ChemEngineering
Special Issues
Fuel Engineering and Technologies
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Fuel Engineering and Technologies

A special issue of ChemEngineering (ISSN 2305-7084).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 3834

Editors

Dr. Iuliana Deleanu

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National University of Science and Technology “Politehnica” Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: environmental engineering; biomaterials; mathematical modeling; chemical and biochemical engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gabriela Olimpia Isopencu

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharestdisabled, Bucuresti, Romania
Interests: unit operation in chemical and biochemical engineering; industrial microbiology; bioreactors; waste and wastewater treatment; active bio/nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In 2024, the reported progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) shows significantly lower values than expected. In this context meeting the 2030 Agenda seems almost impossible. As is well known, a critical point is represented by fuel, in any aspects related to it, production/transportation/usage/consumption, as a major source of atmospheric pollution. Cleaner and sustainable energy systems are needed.

Therefor new studies and ideas are required, and this Special Issue will try to gather some of them. The subjects of interest include, but certainly are not limited, to the following:

  • Conventional and non-conventional energy resources;
  • Biofuels;
  • Alternative/Nonconventional/New fuels;
  • Advanced production methods;
  • Innovative energy systems;
  • Advanced catalysts in fuel production;
  • Advanced engineering processes through modelling and simulation;
  • Emissions control.

Dr. Iuliana Deleanu
Dr. Gabriela Olimpia Isopencu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. ChemEngineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fossil fuels
  • biofuels
  • innovative catalysts
  • fuel cells
  • energy systems
  • emissions
  • carbon footprint
  • life cycle assessment

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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23 pages, 4275 KB  
Article
Selective Hydrogen and Olefins Formation via Microwave Assisted Pyrolysis of Crude Oils Using NiO/Al2O3 and NiO/ZSM-5 Catalysts
by Intisar Ul Hassan, Meshari Ahmed M AlZahrani, Ruaa AlaEldin Ageeb Abakar, Zia Ur Rahman, Aniz Chenampilly Ummer, Usama Ahmed, Mohammad Nahid Siddiqui and Abdul Gani Abdul Jameel
ChemEngineering 2026, 10(5), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering10050057 - 4 May 2026
Viewed by 915
Abstract
This research systematically investigated the catalytic pyrolysis of Arab Heavy (AH) and Arab Light (AL) crude oils using NiO supported on Al2O3 or ZSM-5 in a microwave-assisted reactor, with particular emphasis on hydrogen (H2) generation and value-added chemicals. [...] Read more.
This research systematically investigated the catalytic pyrolysis of Arab Heavy (AH) and Arab Light (AL) crude oils using NiO supported on Al2O3 or ZSM-5 in a microwave-assisted reactor, with particular emphasis on hydrogen (H2) generation and value-added chemicals. To understand how both the catalyst and feedstock affect reaction products, gas and liquid products as well as catalyst activity were carefully examined. The production of H2 and olefins was significantly enhanced by the NiO/Al2O3 catalyst, especially when using AL crude. This is most likely due to favorable metal-support interactions that increase the dehydrogenation activity. However, when paired with lighter feedstock, NiO/ZSM-5 greatly increased paraffin production and encouraged light alkane synthesis in both phases. GC-MS and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed that NiO/Al2O3 produced liquid products richer in aromatics while also containing a significant fraction of paraffins. Remarkably, the AL over NiO/Al2O3 combination showed very little liquid recovery, indicating that gas generation was higher in these reaction conditions. These results showed how H2 selectivity and hydrocarbon routes in NiO/ZSM-5 and NiO/Al2O3 are controlled by various microwave-catalyst interactions. This work further highlights the importance of matching catalyst properties with feedstock type to control product selectivity, with NiO/Al2O3 showing particular promise for H2-focused applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuel Engineering and Technologies)
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11 pages, 1639 KB  
Article
New Approach to the Combined Removal of NOx and SO2 for Circulating Fluidized Beds
by Chao Wang and Qinggang Lyu
ChemEngineering 2025, 9(4), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering9040067 - 25 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Post-combustion technology is a new kind of low-nitrogen combustion technology. To achieve the combined removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, the post-combustion technology combined with the sorbent injection in the furnace and post-combustion chamber is [...] Read more.
Post-combustion technology is a new kind of low-nitrogen combustion technology. To achieve the combined removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, the post-combustion technology combined with the sorbent injection in the furnace and post-combustion chamber is proposed. Experiments investigating the effects of the sorbent addition in a post-combustion chamber and post-combustion air arrangement on NOx and SO2 emissions were conducted in a 0.1 MWth circulating fluidized bed test platform. In addition, a comparative analysis of the NOx and SO2 emissions under both combined removal methods was also performed. The results indicated that adding sorbent to the post-combustion chamber can reduce SO2 emissions, but further increasing the amount of sorbent will not significantly improve the desulfurization effect. The injection position of the post-combustion air will affect the emissions of NOx and SO2 in the flue gas. When the three-stage distribution of post-combustion air is adopted, the further back the third nozzle is distributed, the lower the temperature in the post-combustion chamber, which is beneficial to the control of NOx and SO2 emissions. Compared with the conventional combined removal method, the NOx emissions were significantly reduced under the new combined removal method. Through secondary desulfurization in the furnace and post-combustion chamber, oxygen-deficient combustion in the furnace can achieve the combined removal of NOx and SO2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuel Engineering and Technologies)
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15 pages, 4559 KB  
Perspective
Applications and Future Directions of Ionic Liquids in Oil Refineries
by Alon Davidy
ChemEngineering 2026, 10(7), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering10070081 - 24 Jun 2026
Viewed by 801
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that are liquid at or below 100 °C. They are composed entirely of ions and have unique properties like negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable structures. These characteristics make them a promising alternative to traditional, often [...] Read more.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that are liquid at or below 100 °C. They are composed entirely of ions and have unique properties like negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable structures. These characteristics make them a promising alternative to traditional, often volatile and toxic organic solvents in the petrochemical industry. They have broad applications in chemical and petrochemical industry processes. Ionic liquids may be applied in the following processes: desulfurization, benzene toluene xylene (BTX) separation, alkylation, and carbon capture units. Two different ionic liquid-based process configurations have been evaluated for BTX separation. It has been found that the process configuration working with 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide ([emim][TCM]) reduces the energy costs and capital expenditures associated with the Morphylane process by 67 and 63%, respectively. It also reduces solvent costs, confirming it as a cleaner alternative. The hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process is operated under harsh conditions, such as high temperature and high pressure and the requirement of a noble catalyst and hydrogen. High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA) failure occurs at high temperatures between the gaseous molecular hydrogen contained inside the steel pressure vessel and the carbon atoms located in the steel matrix or in carbides. Methane molecules are produced during this reaction. This phenomenon can consequently lead to a loss of mechanical properties due to surface decarburization and to the formation of defects caused by methane bubbles mainly located at grain boundaries. The application of ionic liquids (ILs) in oil refineries offers significant advantages, such as safety, environmental sustainability, and process efficiency, primarily by serving as versatile alternatives to hazardous traditional solvents and catalysts. Across BTX extraction, carbon capture, and desulfurization/HDS-adjacent service, the recurring barriers are high viscosity, difficult regeneration, solvent cost/inventory and uncertain long-term stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuel Engineering and Technologies)
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