Molecules (ISSN: 1420-3049) is fully open access, providing free and unlimited access to all articles worldwide. We highlight a selection of notable research published in 2024–2025, showcasing advances across the chemical sciences, including nanomaterials, sustainable chemistry, analytical techniques, and biomedical research. These works reflect innovative methodologies and emerging interdisciplinary trends. We invite you to explore the noteworthy articles below:

1. “Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Vanillic Acid in Human Plasma, Human Neutrophils, and Non-Cellular Models In Vitro”
by Anna Magiera, Joanna Kołodziejczyk-Czepas and Monika Anna Olszewska
Molecules 2025, 30(3), 467; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030467
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/467

2. “An Explorative Study on Using Carbon Nanotube-Based Superhydrophobic Self-Heating Coatings for UAV Icing Protection”
by Jincheng Wang, James Frantz, Edward Chumbley, Abdallah Samad and Hui Hu
Molecules 2025, 30(17), 3472; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30173472
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/17/3472

3. “The Ninhydrin Reaction Revisited: Optimisation and Application for Quantification of Free Amino Acids”
by Amelie Charlotte Stauß, Carolin Fuchs, Paulina Jansen, Sarah Repert, Kimberley Alcock, Sandra Ludewig and Wilfried Rozhon
Molecules 2024, 29(14), 3262; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29143262
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/14/3262

4. “Concentration-Dependent Photoproduction of Singlet Oxygen by Common Photosensitizers”
by Grzegorz Szewczyk and Krystian Mokrzyński
Molecules 2025, 30(5), 1130; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30051130
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/5/1130

5. “Human Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine Pharmacokinetics after Single and Multiple Daily Doses of Oral Encapsulated Dried Kratom Leaf Powder”
by Marilyn A. Huestis, Martin A. Brett, John Bothmer and Ramsey Atallah
Molecules 2024, 29(5), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29050984
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/984

6. “Chemical Composition, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Oregano Essential Oil”
by Magdalena Walasek-Janusz, Agnieszka Grzegorczyk, Anna Malm, Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak and Daniel Zalewski
Molecules 2024, 29(2), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29020435
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/2/435

7. “Modification of the Protein Amino Acid Content in Hen Eggs as a Consequence of Different Concentrations of Lupine and Soy in Feed”
by Aneta Tomczak, Magdalena Zielińska-Dawidziak, Piotr Klimowicz, Marcin Hejdysz, Sebastian Kaczmarek, Aleksander Siger and Adam Cieślak
Molecules 2024, 29(16), 3727; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29163727
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/16/3727

8. “Squalane as a Promising Agent Protecting UV-Induced Inhibition of Collagen Biosynthesis and Wound Healing in Human Dermal Fibroblast”
by Katarzyna Wolosik, Magda Chalecka, Gabriela Gasiewska, Jerzy Palka and Arkadiusz Surazynski
Molecules 2025, 30(9), 1964; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30091964
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/9/1964

9. “Metabolomic Insights into Wild and Farmed Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata): Lipid Composition, Freshness Indicators, and Environmental Adaptations”
by Frutos C. Marhuenda-Egea and Pablo Sanchez-Jerez
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 770; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040770
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/770

10. “Green Extraction of Antioxidant-Rich Flavonoids from Fagonia cretica Using Deep Eutectic Solvents”
by Jafar Khan, Sajjad Asaf, Lubna, Ashraf M. M. Abdelbacki, Rahmatullah Jan and Kyung-Min Kim
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040813
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/813

11. “Unlocking Antimicrobial Peptides: In Silico Proteolysis and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Discovery from Cnidarian Omics”
by Ricardo Alexandre Barroso, Guillermin Agüero-Chapin, Rita Sousa, Yovani Marrero-Ponce and Agostinho Antunes
Molecules 2025, 30(3), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030550
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/550

12. “The Application of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles (2 nm) Functionalized with Doxorubicin in Three-Dimensional Normal and Glioblastoma Organoid Models of the Blood–Brain Barrier”
by Kathrin Kostka, Viktoriya Sokolova, Aya El-Taibany, Benedikt Kruse, Daniel Porada, Natalie Wolff, Oleg Prymak, Michael C. Seeds, Matthias Epple and Anthony J. Atala
Molecules 2024, 29(11), 2469; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112469
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/11/2469

13. “Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of New N-Methyl Substituted Thiazole-Derived Polyphenolic Compounds”
by Alexandra Cătălina Cornea, Gabriel Marc, Ioana Ionuț, Cristina Moldovan, Anca Stana, Smaranda Dafina Oniga, Adrian Pîrnău, Laurian Vlase, Ilioara Oniga and Ovidiu Oniga
Molecules 2025, 30(6), 1345; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30061345
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/6/1345

14. “Towards Imaging Tau Hyperphosphorylation: Is DYRK1A a Potential Target for Imaging Hyperphosphorylation of Tau? Molecular Modeling Assessment and Synthesis of [125I]Radioiodinated DYRK1A Inhibitor”
by Cayz G. Paclibar, Deanna M. Schafer, Agnes P. Biju, Fariha Karim, Stephanie A. Sison, Christopher Liang, Shamiha T. Ahmed and Jogeshwar Mukherjee
Molecules 2025, 30(5), 990; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30050990
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/5/990

15. “Rapid Profiling of Volatile Organic Compounds Associated with Plant-Based Milks Versus Bovine Milk Using an Integrated PTR-ToF-MS and GC-MS Approach”
by Antonia Corvino, Iuliia Khomenko, Emanuela Betta, Federico Ivan Brigante, Luana Bontempo, Franco Biasioli and Vittorio Capozzi
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040761
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/761

16. “Sustainable Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Value-Added Lignan from Sesame Meal: Achieving Green Neuroprotection and Waste Valorization by Optimizing Temperature, Solvent, and Pressure”
by Kuo-Ching Jan and Mohsen Gavahian
Molecules 2025, 30(3), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030539
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/539

17. “Sustainable MXene Synthesis via Molten Salt Method and Nano-Silicon Coating for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery Performance”
by Hansu Kim, Yunki Jung, Wonhwa Lee, Young-Pyo Jeon, Jin-Yong Hong and Jea Uk Lee
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 812; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040812
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/812

18. “Integrating Molecular Dynamics, Molecular Docking, and Machine Learning for Predicting SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease Binders”
by Ann Varghese, Jie Liu, Tucker A. Patterson and Huixiao Hong
Molecules 2025, 30(14), 2985; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30142985
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2985

19. “Effect of Print Orientation and Thermal Aging on the Flexural Strength of Zirconia-Reinforced Three-Dimensional-Printed Restorative Resin Materials”
by Yunus Emre Özden, Bengü Doğu Kaya, Pınar Yılmaz Atalı, Fusun Ozer and Zeynep Ozkurt Kayahan
Molecules 2025, 30(11), 2337; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112337
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/11/2337

20. “Siamese Networks for Clinically Relevant Bacteria Classification Based on Raman Spectroscopy”
by Jhonatan Contreras, Sara Mostafapour, Jürgen Popp and Thomas Bocklitz
Molecules 2024, 29(5), 1061; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29051061
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1061

21. “Synergistic Effects of Temozolomide and Doxorubicin in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Enhancing Efficacy through Combination Therapy”
by Laxmi Dhungel, Mandy E. Rowsey, Cayla Harris and Drazen Raucher
Molecules 2024, 29(4), 840; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29040840
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/4/840

22. “Parametric Studies of Polyacrylamide Adsorption on Calcite Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation”
by Keat Yung Hue, Jin Hau Lew, Omar K. Matar, Paul F. Luckham and Erich A. Müller
Molecules 2025, 30(2), 285; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30020285
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/285

23. “Improved Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Date Palm Microfiber-Reinforced PCL Biocomposites for Rigid Packaging”
by Sakib Hossain Khan, Hom N. Dhakal, Abu Saifullah and Zhongyi Zhang
Molecules 2025, 30(4), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040857
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/857

24. “The Formation of σ-Hole Bonds: A Physical Interpretation”
by Jane S. Murray
Molecules 2024, 29(3), 600; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030600
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/3/600

25. “Performance of Copper as a Catalyst for Fenton-like Processes in Highly Saline Solutions”
by Xavier Orts, Jordi Arévalo, Antonio Arques, Ana M. Amat and Lucas Santos-Juanes
Molecules 2025, 30(11), 2298; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112298
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/11/2298