Fam. Sci., Volume 1, Issue 2 (December 2025) – 6 articles

Recurring themes in domestic violence literature have exposed hidden psycho-social-spiritual aspects accompanying the devastating reality of the many harms, disappointments, and life changes endured by domestic violence survivors. This is not just due to the actual abuses from intimate partners but also from others in near proximity. This article describes the accompanying devastation, whether intentional or not, and from both individuals and institutions, as collateral damage—the additional emotional and social consequences experienced by survivors of domestic violence. Through qualitative responses in a discussion of betrayal, loss, and grief, new insight is brought to the overlap, seriousness, and overall toll of these consequences. In recognizing that collateral damage exists in cases of domestic violence, helping professionals, community partners, and policymakers can repair harm, offer education, strengthen safety measures and protective strategies, and thereby support both the individual survivor and the family system subjected to abuse. This exploratory study aims to expand inquiry within the domestic violence literature and offer avenues of recognition of the compounding issues faced by many survivors and their children. Full article

There have been many evaluations of specific parent programs, but there is minimal evidence of evaluation of the broader landscape of established advice or support services for parents of children under 18 years old. This paper investigates parent/carer perceptions of support services in their case study city. We explore and examine their perspectives on existing support services and how far they are meeting their needs. Through a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with parents and carers from across the city, a range of key themes emerged. These included the supportive environment and positive ethos of services accessed, lack of trust in some professionals, and perceived gaps in provision, highlighting the need for more activities, support, and accessible information, especially for families with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). These findings underscore the complexity of navigating the landscape of support services and advocate for more coordinated, accessible, and trustworthy support systems for parents and carers. Full article

This study examines how Caribbean families visually represented resilience and emotional coping before and after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Using an arts-based research methodology, 25 English-speaking families created visual artworks depicting their strategies for managing stress across these two periods. Visual and thematic analyses identified four central themes of resilience: emotional expression, shifting family dynamics, wellness practices, and enduring cultural traditions. While spiritual and familial values remained foundational over time, the pandemic prompted new forms of emotional expression, as well as greater reliance on nature-based healing practices. These findings highlight resilience as a dynamic, relational, and culturally embedded process of creative adaptation. By integrating creative methodologies with family resilience theory and multisystemic resilience frameworks, this study advances understanding of non-verbal, culturally relevant forms of coping in underrepresented contexts. The use of visual storytelling further demonstrates its potential as both a methodological tool for capturing emotional complexity and a practical resource for fostering intergenerational dialogue and family well-being. Full article

This study explores how family background shapes children’s cognitive and logical thinking abilities within the context of contemporary China, using nationally representative data from the 2013–2015 China Education Panel Survey (CEPS). Recognizing the increasing stratification of educational outcomes, this research examines the dual roles of economic and cultural capital in influencing children’s development. Employing multivariate regression models and mediation analysis, we assess both direct effects of family background—measured by household economic status and parental education—and indirect effects through educational investments, including school choice, tutoring participation, academic support, and parental literacy habits. The results reveal that both economic and cultural capital have significant positive effects on students’ cognitive and logical thinking outcomes. However, cultural investment, particularly parental reading and engagement in children’s education, shows a more enduring and pronounced influence. Notably, children from the wealthiest families do not consistently perform better, suggesting that excessive reliance on material resources may crowd out effective parental engagement. In contrast, even the poorest families demonstrate strong educational aspirations, though constrained by limited resources and inadequate guidance. These findings highlight the critical role of cultural capital in mitigating intergenerational inequality and call for policies that support educational involvement across all socioeconomic groups to foster more equitable learning opportunities. Full article

Intensive mothering is a widespread cultural ideology positioning mothers as uniquely responsible for their children’s optimal development through emotionally and cognitively intensive caregiving. A key belief within this framework is maternal essentialism, which asserts that mothers are biologically and morally best suited for parenting young children. Guided by the Family Stress–Proximal Process (FSPP) model, this study examined whether maternal essentialist beliefs act as distal sociocultural stressors influencing children’s executive functioning indirectly through parenting stress and positive parenting behaviors. Data were collected via self-report from 255 U.S. mothers of 3- to 5-year-old children. Path analyses showed that stronger maternal essentialism was associated with increased parenting stress, which predicted lower engagement in positive parenting and greater reported difficulties in children’s executive functioning. The indirect effect of maternal essentialism on children’s executive functioning was statistically significant. These findings suggest that internalized cultural ideologies, often viewed as aspirational, may inadvertently increase parenting stress and reduce caregiving quality, which is associated with diminished child cognitive outcomes. This study extends prior research by linking maternal essentialist beliefs to child developmental outcomes through specified psychological and relational processes, supporting the usefulness of the FSPP framework in understanding how sociocultural pressures influence family dynamics and child development. Full article

This paper presents the first exploration of young carers in early childhood (YCEC), in the context of whole family support, through the application of the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF). Existing contributions to young carer research have shaped social policy, legislation, and practice concerned with whole family approaches to the identification, assessment, and support for young carers globally. To date, the literature has predominantly focused on young carers in middle childhood to young adulthood, contributing to socially constructed Eurocentric ideologies of who young carers are likely to be. As such, YCEC remain disempowered in broader young carer and family science discourse. This qualitative exploration centers upon the experiences of three families. Primary data collated retrospective accounts of two adult siblings supported by documentary data obtained by participants through a subject access request (SAR). Secondary data derived from two case studies, drawn from the lead author’s master’s dissertation, offering experiences of families each with a young carer aged four years old. Participants lived in England, United Kingdom (UK). Deductive analysis utilized dual methodological approaches, offering nuanced insight. Thematic codes were synthesized into predetermined themes. ‘Power,’ ‘threat,’ ‘meaning,’ ‘threat responses,’ and ‘strengths’ to explore the application of the PTMF beyond individual experience. Findings show systemic and structural powers held within the lives of YCEC. This disempowers the ethos of whole family support, which should serve to endorse integrated working and foster the autonomous functioning of family life. Findings consider threats, worsening vulnerabilities, and exposure to harm. Meaning is deduced from findings offering recommendations for future research, practice, and policy decisions. In conclusion, opportunities for the prevention of inappropriate caring roles, early identification, and intervention have been missed. This study adds to the growing exploration of the PTMF. It harnesses its potential application as a holistic assessment tool and qualitative data analysis framework, helping to bridge structural and developmental viewpoints which typically frame the current understanding of family functioning and related social policy. Full article