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Chips, Volume 3, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 4 articles

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13 pages, 7177 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Analog–Mixed Signal (AMS) Simulations Environment
by Enrico Castaldo and Marco Eugenio Gibilaro
Chips 2024, 3(3), 258-270; https://doi.org/10.3390/chips3030013 - 19 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2077
Abstract
The analog–mixed signal simulation environment, used for verifying non-volatile memory macrocells, is presented. It has been adopted over the last decade, providing excellent results in verification coverage, efficiency, and flexibility. This methodology ensures a smooth and effective transition from full transistor/fully analog simulations [...] Read more.
The analog–mixed signal simulation environment, used for verifying non-volatile memory macrocells, is presented. It has been adopted over the last decade, providing excellent results in verification coverage, efficiency, and flexibility. This methodology ensures a smooth and effective transition from full transistor/fully analog simulations to fully digital simulations while maintaining most of the environment’s features. This allows verification designers to exchange data, stimuli, and results, thereby enhancing debugging capabilities and reducing simulation time. Full article
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23 pages, 8739 KiB  
Review
Oxygen Vacancy Engineering and Its Impact on Resistive Switching of Oxide Thin Films for Memory and Neuromorphic Applications
by Biswajit Jana and Ayan Roy Chaudhuri
Chips 2024, 3(3), 235-257; https://doi.org/10.3390/chips3030012 - 6 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3781
Abstract
Oxygen vacancy engineering in metal oxides is a propitious route to modulate their resistive switching properties for memory and neuromorphic applications. This review provides an account of the research works on tailoring RS behavior in oxide thin-film-based memristor devices by oxygen vacancy engineering. [...] Read more.
Oxygen vacancy engineering in metal oxides is a propitious route to modulate their resistive switching properties for memory and neuromorphic applications. This review provides an account of the research works on tailoring RS behavior in oxide thin-film-based memristor devices by oxygen vacancy engineering. We discuss the recent research progress on controlling oxygen vacancy concentration in metal oxide thin films and its impact on their resistive switching properties for application in electronic memory and neuromorphic computing devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Memristors: Design and Applications)
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6 pages, 278 KiB  
Brief Report
A Prediction about Radio Frequency Envelope Detectors for Implementing a 2.4 GHz Rectenna for IEEE 802.15.4 with MOS Transistors
by Leonardo Barboni
Chips 2024, 3(3), 229-234; https://doi.org/10.3390/chips3030011 - 5 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1399
Abstract
This study introduces a rectenna, functioning as an RF envelope detector, utilizing a 16 nm bulk MOS transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) for nonlinear detection. A circuit architecture is presented alongside a detailed design methodology and simulations. The detector efficiently demodulates a 2.4 GHz [...] Read more.
This study introduces a rectenna, functioning as an RF envelope detector, utilizing a 16 nm bulk MOS transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) for nonlinear detection. A circuit architecture is presented alongside a detailed design methodology and simulations. The detector efficiently demodulates a 2.4 GHz OOK (On/Off Keying) encoded signal, comprising a 32-bit word, within 320 μs. Remarkably, the circuit operates passively, requiring no voltage supply or bias current, and functions effectively with 53 dBm input power at the antenna. This capability enables the decoding of 32-bit unsigned integer radio packets as a wakeup radio event. The effectiveness of the envelope detector is substantiated through comprehensive simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue IC Design Techniques for Power/Energy-Constrained Applications)
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13 pages, 4103 KiB  
Article
Power Consumption Efficiency of Encryption Schemes for RFID
by Mario Gazziro and João Paulo Carmo
Chips 2024, 3(3), 216-228; https://doi.org/10.3390/chips3030010 - 2 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1668
Abstract
This paper provides a comparative analysis of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and Salsa20 algorithm implementations, focusing on power consumption efficiency in passive RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags and ultra-low-power devices. The main objective of this work is to determine which of these algorithms is [...] Read more.
This paper provides a comparative analysis of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and Salsa20 algorithm implementations, focusing on power consumption efficiency in passive RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags and ultra-low-power devices. The main objective of this work is to determine which of these algorithms is more suitable to operate in these types of devices. For this purpose, ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) implementations of AES and Salsa20 based on low-power approaches were developed and their power consumption was evaluated. The results demonstrate that Salsa20 power consumption is lower than AES (about 17%), indicating that Salsa20 is a much better choice than AES for passive RFID tags. Full article
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