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Volume 18
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10.3390/msf2023018009
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Abstract

Nutrient Intakes and Associations with Socioeconomic Deprivation in Young Children Living in New Zealand †

by
Rosario Jupiterwala
1,*,
Cathryn Conlon
1,
Kathryn Beck
1,
Rachael Taylor
2,‡,
Anne-Louise Heath
3,‡,
Jillian Haszard
4,
Lisa Te Morenga
5,
Ridvan Firestone
5,
Elizabeth Fleming
3,
Ioanna Katiforis
3,
Jenny McArthur
2,3,
Rebecca Paul
1,
Kimberley Brown
1,
Maria Casale
1,
Emily Jones
1,
Andrea Wei
1,
Louise Fangupo
2,
Bailey Bruckner
3,
Veisinia Pulu
5,
Megan Healy
5 and
Pamela Von Hurst
1,*add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
School of Sport Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
2
Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
3
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
4
Biostatistics Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
5
Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University Wellington 6140, New Zealand
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand 2022, Wellington, New Zealand, 1–2 December 2022.
‡
Joint Principal Investigators.
Med. Sci. Forum 2023, 18(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018009
Published: 8 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Annual Scientific Meeting of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand 2022)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Optimal nutrition during early childhood is essential to support physiological and cognitive development. However, data on nutrient intakes and associations with socioeconomic deprivation are lacking in young children living in New Zealand (NZ). As a component of Young Foods NZ, a multi-centre cross-sectional study, this research aims to determine nutrient intakes and their associations with socioeconomic deprivation in young NZ children aged 1–3.9 years. Dietary intake data (two 24 h diet recalls) and socioeconomic deprivation (NZDep2018) were collected from 289 children living in Auckland, Wellington, and Dunedin. The multiple source method was utilised to determine the usual dietary intake. All participants exceeded the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for protein (12 g/day), with a mean (SD) intake of 45.5 (10.4) g/day. Using the full probability approach, the prevalence of inadequate intake for iron was 38.2%, with an overall mean (SD) intake of 6.6 (2.2) mg/day. The prevalence of inadequate intake for fibre (<14 g/day) was 54.3%, with a mean (SD) intake of 14.0 (4.4) g/day. Saturated fat contributed 14%, and total sugars contributed 23% of the total energy intake. Living in a neighbourhood of low deprivation (NZDep1–3) is a significant predictor of higher dietary fibre and iron intakes and lower fat intake for young children compared with those living in deprivation (NZDep4–10). In this cohort, a high proportion of children do not have the best start in life due to the suboptimal intake of iron and dietary-fibre-containing foods, and the disproportionate consumption of saturated fat and sugar-rich foods. Children living in areas of deprivation are particularly at risk. Effective policies are needed to reduce these disparities and ensure that all children have equitable access to healthy and nutritious foods.
Keywords: diet; children; socioeconomic deprivation; toddlers; nutrient intake diet; children; socioeconomic deprivation; toddlers; nutrient intake

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jupiterwala, R.; Conlon, C.; Beck, K.; Taylor, R.; Heath, A.-L.; Haszard, J.; Te Morenga, L.; Firestone, R.; Fleming, E.; Katiforis, I.; et al. Nutrient Intakes and Associations with Socioeconomic Deprivation in Young Children Living in New Zealand. Med. Sci. Forum 2023, 18, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018009

AMA Style

Jupiterwala R, Conlon C, Beck K, Taylor R, Heath A-L, Haszard J, Te Morenga L, Firestone R, Fleming E, Katiforis I, et al. Nutrient Intakes and Associations with Socioeconomic Deprivation in Young Children Living in New Zealand. Medical Sciences Forum. 2023; 18(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018009

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jupiterwala, Rosario, Cathryn Conlon, Kathryn Beck, Rachael Taylor, Anne-Louise Heath, Jillian Haszard, Lisa Te Morenga, Ridvan Firestone, Elizabeth Fleming, Ioanna Katiforis, and et al. 2023. "Nutrient Intakes and Associations with Socioeconomic Deprivation in Young Children Living in New Zealand" Medical Sciences Forum 18, no. 1: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018009

APA Style

Jupiterwala, R., Conlon, C., Beck, K., Taylor, R., Heath, A.-L., Haszard, J., Te Morenga, L., Firestone, R., Fleming, E., Katiforis, I., McArthur, J., Paul, R., Brown, K., Casale, M., Jones, E., Wei, A., Fangupo, L., Bruckner, B., Pulu, V., ... Von Hurst, P. (2023). Nutrient Intakes and Associations with Socioeconomic Deprivation in Young Children Living in New Zealand. Medical Sciences Forum, 18(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018009

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