Levels of Selected Biochemical Parameters in Homogenates of Isolated Pig Kidneys Flushed with Preservative Solution Supplemented with Selenium and Prolactin ^†

Abstract

Selenium in the human body exhibits strong antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. This bio-element is found in the active centers of antioxidant enzymes, which participate in the elimination of damage caused by free oxygen radicals. It enters into the composition of some proteins that build cell membranes, and performs stabilizing functions. Its involvement in catalyzing redox reactions helps reduce oxidative stress and potentially minimize ischemia–reperfusion damage in the kidney during ischemia. The aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation of preservative fluid with selenium in the presence of the antioxidant prolactin affects the levels of selected biochemical indices in homogenates of isolated porcine kidneys. The work is part of a series of our team studies to develop the optimal fluid composition for organ perfusion and preservation. Biolasol preservation fluid was modified by adding Se⁴⁺ (1 µg/L) and prolactin (0.1 µg/L). The study was conducted on 30 isolated kidneys of Polish Large White pigs. The kidneys were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 in each) and were washed with preservative fluids: Biolasol control kidneys (C), Biolasol+Se (A1), Biolasol+Se+PRL (A2). After 48 h of preservation and perfusion, kidney sections were excised. Selected biochemical markers were determined in the tissue homogenates: protein and creatinine concentration. The study was performed in accordance with the recommendations of the II Local Ethics Commission for Animal Experiments in Cracow, Poland (number 1046/2013), and in accordance with the European Union Directive (EU guideline 93/119/EC). Supplementation of Biolasol solution with selenium and prolactin caused a statistically significant reduction in protein and creatinine levels compared to the control group in homogenates of isolated pig kidneys. Protein concentrations were: 2.5 ± 0.1 mg/g (group C) vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/g (group A2) (p < 0.05), and creatinine concentrations were: 2.5 ± 0.1 mg/g (group C) vs. 1.9 ± 0.2 mg/g (group A2) (p < 0.05). In contrast, the use of selenium alone (without PRL shielding) resulted in a statistical increase in marker concentrations. Protein concentrations were 20% higher compared to Biolasol (p < 0.05), and creatinine concentrations were 16% higher compared to Biolasol (p < 0.05). Presumably, there was an accumulation of selenium in the organ, exacerbating the resulting damage. Selenium and prolactin added to Biolasol fluid show protective effects on nephrons. Selenium (IV) as a component of Biolasol solution adversely affects renal protection during ischemia.