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Architecture, Volume 5, Issue 4

2025 December - 49 articles

Cover Story: Deep-learning generative AI is reshaping architectural design, yet its readiness in professional practice remains uncertain. We reviewed 42 studies published between 2015 and 2025 to assess how generative AI methods align with architectural design workflows. Using five assessment indicators scored on a three-tier rubric, we found that most systems support early-stage ideation and primarily generate raster imagery rather than CAD/BIM-ready geometry. Workflow pipelines were often fragmented, relying on bespoke coding and advanced technical expertise. These results reveal a substantial gap between experimental GenAI prototypes and the requirements of CAD/BIM-centered delivery. The proposed rubric functions as a workflow maturity model, offering a benchmark for assessing practice readiness and identifying pathways toward broader adoption. View this paper
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Articles (49)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,829 Views
25 Pages

Nature bonding (NB), alongside place identity and place dependence, is among the most frequently discussed and empirically validated contributing factors of place attachment (PA) within urban environments. While PA has been extensively studied throug...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,629 Views
21 Pages

This study examines how connectionist AI reshapes architectural rationality, focusing on the under-theorised epistemic implications of generative technologies. It positions latent space as the convergent medium of representation, cognition, and compu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shaping Architecture with Computation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,859 Views
23 Pages

This study investigates the factors that influence the acceptance of 3D concrete printing technology in South Africa. The purpose is to provide evidence-based insights to guide regulators in developing clear standards and certification pathways for 3...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,698 Views
16 Pages

The Enhanced Heritage Value Index (EHVI): A UNESCO-Aligned Framework for Sustainable Assessment and Prioritization of Egypt’s Heritage Villages

  • Mohammed M. Gomaa,
  • Saleh Algethami,
  • Omar Ibrahim Hussein,
  • Ahmed Mohamed Abdo and
  • Emad Mohamed Hassanein

Egypt’s heritage villages are living cultural landscapes that remain largely undocumented and insufficiently protected under current national frameworks. This study develops the Enhanced Heritage Value Index (EHVI) a UNESCO-aligned framework de...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Values in Sustainable Heritage Conservation: Between Theory and Practice)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,055 Views
21 Pages

This research develops a city Branding–Competitiveness Index (BCI) that comprehend symbolic city branding elements with quantifiable aspects of urban competitiveness. It examines the effectiveness of branding strategies in emerging cities in ME...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,295 Views
25 Pages

The increase in extreme weather underscores the critical need for combining innovative architecture, urban, and landscape design to render our cities more resilient. Conventional approaches, heavily relying on energy consuming and dioxide producing t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Architectural Responses to Climate Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,739 Views
20 Pages

This study advances visitor research by examining how visitors interact with and derive meaning from Bahrain’s Historic Site Interpretation Centres (HSICs). Using a mixed-methods ethnographic approach, we collected data from four sites (Qal&rsq...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,626 Views
13 Pages

The atmosphere of an interior space within an architectural built form can be defined by the interactions between the material and immaterial elements surrounding the inhabitant of a space, expressed through our own responding embodied experience. Th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheres Design)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,571 Views
23 Pages

Daylighting Strategies for Low-Rise Residential Buildings Through Analysis of Architectural Design Parameters

  • Kamaraj Kalaimathy,
  • Sudha Gopalakrishnan,
  • Radhakrishnan Shanthi Priya,
  • Chandrasekaran Selvam and
  • Ramalingam Senthil

Daylighting is essential in residential building design because it influences energy efficiency and visual comfort while also supporting occupants’ health and overall well-being. Adequate natural light exposure aids circadian regulation and psy...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Built Environments and Human Wellbeing, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,204 Views
46 Pages

Inclusive Mediterranean Torrent Cityscapes? A Case Study of Design for Just Resilience Against Droughts and Floods in Volos, Greece

  • Efthymia Dimitrakopoulou,
  • Eliki Athanasia Diamantouli,
  • Monika Themou,
  • Antonios Petras,
  • Thalia Marou,
  • Yorgis Noukakis,
  • Sophia Vyzoviti,
  • Lambros Kissas,
  • Sofia Papamargariti and
  • Aspassia Kouzoupi
  • + 2 authors

The complex relationship between urban torrents and riparian communities is investigated in this research, from a landscape point of view, in the aftermath of the catastrophic floods in Volos, Greece, in September 2023. The study starts with a multi-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,181 Views
26 Pages

Explainable AI-Driven Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste Credit Selection in LEED Projects

  • Nurşen Sönmez,
  • Murat Kuruoğlu,
  • Sibel Maçka Kalfa and
  • Onur Behzat Tokdemir

Selecting Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) credits in LEED-certified projects is essential for sustainable building management, often requiring specialised expertise and contextual sensitivity. However, existing studies provide limited analyti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,561 Views
18 Pages

The current study evaluates how effective the integration of evidence-based design (EBD) and biophilic design (BD) principles are in cancer healthcare environments. This study takes a step further from current biophilic applications in architecture a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,963 Views
26 Pages

This article introduces the Olfactory Attribution Circle (OAC), a conceptual tool for integrating olfaction, color and semantic attributes in the design of sensory atmospheres. Developed through a multi-method strategy, the research combined a litera...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheres Design)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,724 Views
19 Pages

Affordable housing has evolved to meet the difficulties of increased demand by offering acceptable living spaces for middle- to low-income families and facilitating access to housing units based on their annual income. This research seeks to investig...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,578 Views
25 Pages

This systematic review examined the use of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) in high-rise buildings, focusing on early-stage design strategies to enhance energy performance. With limited rooftop space in tall buildings, façades offer a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,166 Views
16 Pages

This article investigates how the application of modular dimensions and disassembly methods can lower energy and material consumption in residential buildings. This study utilizes a non-reactive desk research and applied case study methods. The exami...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,605 Views
27 Pages

Thin-Film Solar Cells for Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Systems

  • Subodh Kumar Jha,
  • Abubakar Siddique Farooq and
  • Aritra Ghosh

The global temperature increase has posed urgent challenges, with buildings accountable for as much as 40% of CO2 emissions, and their decarbonization is critical to meet the net-zero target by 2050. Solar photovoltaics present a promising trajectory...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,058 Views
18 Pages

As architectural educators interested in community engagement and learning about everyday practices in the city, we recognize that teaching community engagement in a practical rather than abstract way is key. This paper presents community-engaged arc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spaces and Practices of Everyday Community Resilience)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,654 Views
35 Pages

Place attachment, or the emotional bond between people and physical settings, is a central concept in urban design and environmental psychology. Although biophilic and restorative environmental frameworks have stressed the value of natural environmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,415 Views
53 Pages

The British colonial contact with Nigeria was dotted with diverse paradoxes. In the realm of architecture, it was a period punctuated with the importation of prefabricated buildings into many slave and palm oil trading towns, such as Old Calabar in s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessing Values in Sustainable Heritage Conservation: Between Theory and Practice)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,547 Views
20 Pages

Detection of Moisture and Surface Wear in Sillar Heritage Structures Using Deep Learning in Arequipa’s Architectural Heritage

  • Fernando Alonso Valderrama Solis,
  • Ericka Johany Nuñez Rodriguez,
  • Manuel Alejandro Valderrama Solis and
  • William Alexander Palomino Bellido

This study aims to detect pathologies in constructions made of sillar, a volcanic material of great historical and cultural value, commonly used in residential and heritage buildings, in the city of Arequipa, Peru. Due to the uniqueness of sillar and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,595 Views
18 Pages

This paper explores how collective resilience is built and sustained through situated, relational, and reparative approaches to design within conditions of deep spatial inequality. Focusing on Johannesburg’s Slovo Park settlement and the long-s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spaces and Practices of Everyday Community Resilience)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,897 Views
38 Pages

Fenestration Design Model for Daylight Optimization in Patient Rooms in Erbil City

  • Lana Abubakr Ali,
  • Fenk Dlawar Miran and
  • Faris Ali Mustafa

Hospital design greatly influences patient recovery. Evidence indicates that daylight enhances recovery, but hospital designs in Erbil need further optimization of window configurations to provide sufficient daylight. This suboptimal design can resul...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,744 Views
26 Pages

This study aims to explore and enhance sustainable design practices for improving indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in residential buildings in Jordan, particularly within government institutions. It focuses on integrating design capabilities, core...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Green Buildings)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,640 Views
26 Pages

Analysis of Retrofit Strategies of Mid-20th-Century Modern, Concrete Buildings

  • Bernadett Csaszar,
  • Richard O’Hegarty and
  • Oliver Kinnane

Reusing existing buildings is a valid response to the architectural challenge associated with addressing climate change and can aid the regeneration of the historic built environment. This demands sensitive architectural conservation strategies that...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,044 Views
24 Pages

Construction quality failures impose substantial costs on the industry, with traditional quality assurance (QA) methods operating reactively by detecting problems after they occur rather than preventing them during planning and design phases. Limited...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Next-Gen BIM and Digital Construction Technologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,746 Views
15 Pages

Socioecological Transition and Community Resilience: Learning from 12 Social Experiences in Seville (Spain)

  • Manuel Calvo-Salazar,
  • Antonio García-García,
  • Francisco José Torres-Gutiérrez,
  • Luis Berraquero-Díaz and
  • Marian Pérez Bernal

A major challenge that will confront our society in the coming years is the socioecological transition. This involves a profound, systemic shift in how human societies interact with ecological systems. Beyond merely becoming “greener” or...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spaces and Practices of Everyday Community Resilience)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,556 Views
13 Pages

Architectural heritage and the actions—positive and negative—concerning it, are not only different in each country, but they also change over time. It is widely assumed that this is due to changes in values. However, the more determining...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,653 Views
20 Pages

Tunisia’s northwestern region offers a rich and diverse civilization heritage and cultural potential. However, it has been socially and economically marginalised since the 70s. This study explores the link between urban cultural heritage and th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,489 Views
38 Pages

BIM as a Tool for Developing Smart Buildings in Smart Cities: Potentialities and Challenges

  • Carlos Eduardo Gomes de Souza,
  • Christine Kowal Chinelli,
  • Carlos Alberto Pereira Soares and
  • Orlando Celso Longo

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has established itself as a strategic and indispensable tool for designing and implementing smart buildings within the context of smart cities. This study explores the potentialities and challenges of using BIM acr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shaping Architecture with Computation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,268 Views
42 Pages

Informal settlements, urban areas with substandard housing conditions and inadequate infrastructure, are increasing in Africa’s sub-Saharan cities, fueled by rapid urbanization, economic challenges, and high housing prices. However, developers...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Green Buildings)
  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
7,622 Views
35 Pages

Windows play a crucial role in maintaining indoor thermal comfort, influenced by occupant behavior, passive design strategies, and advanced technologies that contribute to sustainable building practices. Despite advancements in adaptive and occupant-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,957 Views
21 Pages

Literature on community resilience has argued that it is (re)produced through sustained collective practices, and cautioned against neoliberal ‘resiliences’ which serve to justify state withdrawal and disinvestment. A critical and progres...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spaces and Practices of Everyday Community Resilience)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,899 Views
13 Pages

The Hygric Behaviour of Historic and Newly Fabricated Lime-Based Mortars, Renders and Plasters

  • Rosanne Walker,
  • Anna Hofheinz,
  • Caroline Engel Purcell and
  • Oliver Kinnane

Lime-based repair mortars, plasters, and renders are widely utilized in the conservation of traditional buildings. Historically, considerable emphasis has been placed on ensuring that new repair mortars are aesthetically compatible with existing hist...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,197 Views
19 Pages

In the 21st century, community participation in heritage management has become a worldwide phenomenon. Despite this shift in heritage management thinking and the inclusion of community members in such processes, these participatory efforts have not n...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Essay
  • Open Access
1,647 Views
14 Pages

This paper investigates how architectural theories from the Bauhaus in the 1920s have the opportunity to influence approaches to wellbeing through the built environment today. Through a literature review, the study examines work and writings by prima...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Habitats—Innovative Approaches to Creating Built Environments That Support Health and Wellbeing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,236 Views
36 Pages

Interventions in Historic Urban Sites After Earthquake Disasters

  • Hatice Ayşegül Demir and
  • Mine Hamamcıoğlu Turan

Earthquakes, fires, and climate change-related hazards increasingly threaten cultural heritage. Documenting and identifying the significance of heritage sites before disasters is essential for archival purposes and for guiding post-disaster intervent...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies for Architectural Conservation and Adaptive Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,306 Views
25 Pages

Dynamics and Types of Traditional Housing in the Kara Urban Agglomeration

  • Gnimdou Abalo Apollinaire Kola,
  • Cyprien Coffi Aholou,
  • Mintre Boudou and
  • Joseph Tsigbe

Traditional housing is a type of housing that emerged during a specific era in history, when inhabitants designed and built their own houses with the help of the entire community. In Togo, a West African country, and specifically in the urban area of...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
11,816 Views
24 Pages

Deep-learning generative AI promises to transform architectural design, yet its potential employment and ready-to-use capacity for professional workflows are unclear. This study presents a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 gu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shaping Architecture with Computation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,712 Views
17 Pages

Achieving optimal daylighting in buildings necessitates complex and expensive control systems. This research addresses this challenge by proposing a simple and more practical solution: a parametric louver system based on rotating slats controlled by...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,155 Views
29 Pages

Rethinking Co-Design for the Green Transition: Balancing Stakeholder Input and Designer Agency

  • Rebecca Jane McConnell,
  • Sean Cullen,
  • Greg Keeffe,
  • Emma Campbell,
  • Alison Gault,
  • Anna Duffy,
  • Nuala Flood,
  • Clare Mulholland,
  • Saul Golden and
  • Alistair McIlhagger
  • + 1 author

Co-design plays a pivotal role in architectural design and urban planning for the green transition, facilitating collaboration among designers and stakeholders to create contextually appropriate solutions. This study examines the balance between stak...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Architectural Responses to Climate Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,524 Views
19 Pages

One of the sometimes-neglected fields is the landscape design of hospital premises. This study focuses on the perception and preferences of responders regarding hospital site design. The objective was to determine if people are aware of the benefits...

  • Essay
  • Open Access
1,150 Views
11 Pages

Signs of the passage of time can come as an unwelcome reminder of our own eventual passing. Historically, many cultures have sought refuge from the march of time in the notion of a timeless present. More recently, studies have shown that presence ach...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Time in Built Spaces)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,398 Views
4 Pages

The design and construction of buildings for strength, characterised by their durability and safety, is fundamental to the practice of built environment professionals, including architects, civil engineers, construction managers and builders [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,768 Views
21 Pages

Urban planning in post-industrial cities is often limited by stakeholders’ understanding of the potential for intensifying mixed industrial and cultural uses, and the benefits to each of their co-location. In Brussels, differences in language a...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,188 Views
28 Pages

This systematic literature review investigates the factors influencing indoor environmental satisfaction in vernacular architecture, with particular attention to sustainability and sociocultural contexts. Drawing on 105 peer-reviewed studies publishe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,800 Views
17 Pages

Virtual Reality (VR), particularly when integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM), is transforming architectural practice in developed economies. However, its adoption in developing countries remains limited due to infrastructural, economic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,380 Views
22 Pages

ADHD and misophonia are developmental neurological disorders that are currently increasing in prevalence due to excessive acoustic and visual pollution. ADHD, which is characterized by a lack of attention and excessive impulsive hyperactivity, and mi...

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Architecture - ISSN 2673-8945