Since the energy density performance of conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) reaches its limit, solid-state batteries (SSBs) exhibit excellent behavior. However, SSBs electrolytes’ complex synthesis and difficult cell application prevent their mass production.
The core of this study is the innovation of safe and high-energy/lightweight sustainable and marketable all-solid-state batteries (IASSB) that may become an imperative requirement in robots, mobile computing, aircraft, spaceships, biomedical and healthcare applications.
The key element in fabricating light IASSBs with excellent energy density is implementing super-scalable hierarchical olivine nanostructured LiFePO4 (LFP) materials loaded on commercial, flexible, lightweight, and high conductivity carbon felt (CF) as cathode electrodes. Moreover, instead of using an unsafe Li-metal anode, a high capacitance SiO2 loaded on CF as negative electrodes. As the electrolyte, we use a non-toxic, fireproof, and ultra-lightweight solid-state ferroelectric electrolyte composite based on the M(3-2x)BaxClO family (M is Na and K) with high ionic conductive additives to replace the flammable liquid electrolytes of conventional LIBs. Moreover, the design of next-generation high-energy/lightweight IASSB cell technology is compatible with the novel structure of the lightweight thin-cork shell material. The creation of structured light cork-IASSB can also surpass the performance of liquid LIBs and solid-state batteries. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles (GCD) were performed in a potentiostat/galvanostat/ZRA Gamry reference 3000AE™ workstation and Neware-BTS4000 battery tester, respectively.
Author Contributions
Experiments: H.K.; specific review of state of the art: H.K. and M.H.B.; conceptualization, formal analysis, H.K. and M.H.B.; supervision: M.H.B.; original draft, review, and editing: H.K. and M.H.B.; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported by the Alliance for Batteries, Training and Skills ALBATTS project, with reference 612675-EPP-1-2019-1-SE-EPPKA2-SSA-B, Funded by the Erasmus+ Sector Skills Alliances Programme MHB acknowledges John B. Goodenough’s endowment to the MatER–Materials for Energy Research lab, FEUP.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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