A Synergistic Dual-Function Silver–Manganese Dioxide–CNTs Ternary Composite Electrocatalyst for Solid-State Zinc–Air Batteries

Exploring effective oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is essential for advancing solid-state alkaline zinc–air batteries (ZABs). This paper presents the synthesis of silver–manganese dioxide–carbon nanotubes (SMC) ternary composites as an electrocatalyst for air electrodes, achieved through one-step pyrolysis of silver permanganate under microwave irradiation. Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS) consistently confirmed the composition of SMC, comprising silver and alpha-manganese dioxide anchored on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Electrochemical tests including polarization and chronoamperometry curves demonstrated the superior electrocatalytic activity of SMC for ORR compared to chemically produced electrocatalysts in alkaline conditions. Furthermore, the performance of a solid-state zinc–air cell with SMC as the electrocatalyst was evaluated, showing a long discharge voltage plateau and a capacity of 60.03 mAh at 30 mA·cm${}^{-2}$. The study also delves into the mechanism behind the enhanced electrocatalytic activity, concluding that the strategy and electrocatalyst developed in this research offer a promising approach for creating efficient oxygen reduction catalysts for solid-state zinc–air batteries.