Enhancement of the Inner Foveal Response of Young Adults with Extended-Depth-of-Focus Contact Lens for Myopia Management
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Recruitment
2.3. Protocol
2.4. Contact Lenses
2.5. Visual Acuity
2.6. Aberrometry
2.7. Peripheral Refraction
2.8. Electroretinography: Global-Flash Multifocal Electroretinogram
2.9. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Sample Characteristics and Lens Centration
3.2. Visual Acuity (VA) and High-Order Aberrations (HOAs)
3.3. Peripheral Refraction
3.4. Global-Flash mfERG Response
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SV | EDOF | |
---|---|---|
Optical design | Spherical | Extended-depth-of-focus |
Substitution | Monthly | |
Material | Filcon 5B (Silicone hydrogel) | |
Hydration (%) | 75 | |
DK/t | 50 | |
Diameter (mm) | 13.00–16.00 (0.50 steps) | 13.50–15.50 (0.50 steps) |
Radius (mm) | 6.80–9.80 (0.30 steps) | 7.10–9.80 (0.30 steps) |
Eyes (N) | 16 |
---|---|
Gender (no. of eyes) | 3 male/13 female |
Age (years) | 27.5 ± 5.7 [18.9–38.4] |
M (D) | −3.09 ± 1.50 |
J0 (D) | 0.03 ± 0.16 |
J45 (D) | −0.03 ± 0.15 |
kflat (mm) | 7.86 ± 0.21 |
ksteep (mm) | 7.70 ± 0.22 |
kmean (mm) | 7.78 ± 0.21 |
HDVI (mm) | 11.70 ± 0.25 |
HCVA (LogMAR) | LCVA (LogMAR) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Monocular | Binocular | Monocular | Binocular | |
SV | −0.10 [0.01] | −0.13 [0.00] | 0.16 [0.02] | 0.06 [0.00] |
EDOF | −0.03 [0.01] | −0.08 [0.01] | 0.34 [0.01] | 0.21 [0.01] |
p-value | 0.005 * | 0.003 * | 0.001 * | 0.001 * |
DC (nV/deg2) | SV | EDOF | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
SUM | 9.63 [11.14–7.83] | 9.71 [11.18–8.81] | 0.776 | |
Eccentricity | Fovea | 62.50 [73.87–53.15] | 61.08 [74.42–50.37] | 0.703 |
Para-macula | 18.62 [22.26–15.26] | 17.62 [19.78–15.72] | 0.819 | |
Periphery | 8.11 [9.28–7.28] | 8.31 [9.85–7.32] | 0.964 | |
p | <0.001 * | |||
Quadrants | INQ | 9.64 [13.89–8.48] | 10.55 [11.95–9.32] | 0.986 |
SNQ | 8.28 [10.41–7.34] | 9.05 [10.53–8.15] | 0.667 | |
STQ | 9.22 [12.37–7.83] | 9.79 [10.64–7.95] | 0.663 | |
ITQ | 10.75 [12.24–9.05] | 11.03 [12.69–8.65] | 0.858 | |
p | 0.363 |
IC (nV/deg2) | SV | EDOF | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
SUM | 11.13 [11.86–8.25] | 11.07 [11.95–7.29] | 0.069 | |
Eccentricity | Fovea | 73.00 [99.58–64.77] | 87.62 [100.35–70.00] | 0.036 * |
Para-macula | 24.52 [30.26–21.40] | 25.79 [30.48–21.91] | 0.943 | |
Periphery | 12.03 [12.86–10.30] | 10.04 [12.63–9.21] | 0.930 | |
p | <0.001 * | |||
Quadrants | INQ | 11.53 [14.58–8.82] | 11.80 [14.15–8.59] | 0.811 |
SNQ | 9.79 [10.86–6.95] | 7.37 [10.20–6.41] | 0.492 | |
STQ | 11.22 [13.74–8.93] | 10.86 [13.59–8.10] | 0.673 | |
ITQ | 12.31 [15.59–8.49] | 10.51 [13.74–8.95] | 0.285 | |
p | 0.018 * |
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Amorim-de-Sousa, A.; Macedo-de-Araújo, R.J.; Fernandes, P.; González-Méijome, J.M.; Queirós, A. Enhancement of the Inner Foveal Response of Young Adults with Extended-Depth-of-Focus Contact Lens for Myopia Management. Vision 2024, 8, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020019
Amorim-de-Sousa A, Macedo-de-Araújo RJ, Fernandes P, González-Méijome JM, Queirós A. Enhancement of the Inner Foveal Response of Young Adults with Extended-Depth-of-Focus Contact Lens for Myopia Management. Vision. 2024; 8(2):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020019
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmorim-de-Sousa, Ana, Rute J. Macedo-de-Araújo, Paulo Fernandes, José M. González-Méijome, and António Queirós. 2024. "Enhancement of the Inner Foveal Response of Young Adults with Extended-Depth-of-Focus Contact Lens for Myopia Management" Vision 8, no. 2: 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8020019