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Toxics
Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/toxics13020085
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Retraction of Toxics 2022, 10(6), 279.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279

by
Davide Di Paola
1,
Jessica Maria Abbate
2,
Carmelo Iaria
1,
Marika Cordaro
3,
Rosalia Crupi
2,
Rosalba Siracusa
1,
Ramona D’Amico
1,
Roberta Fusco
1,
Daniela Impellizzeri
1,
Salvatore Cuzzocrea
1,4,*,
Nunziacarla Spanò
2,*,
Enrico Gugliandolo
2,† and
Alessio Filippo Peritore
1,†
1
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
2
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
3
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
4
Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Toxics 2025, 13(2), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020085
Submission received: 9 January 2025 / Accepted: 9 January 2025 / Published: 24 January 2025
Versions Notes
The journal retracts the article “Environmental risk assessment of mixture of COVID-19 treating pharmaceutical drugs in zebrafish early life stage (Danio rerio)” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding the duplication of images contained within this publication [1].
Adhering to our complaints procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and the Editorial Board that confirmed the duplication of a number of panels contained within Figures 1 and 3 presenting different experimental conditions. Following discussions with the authors, the Editorial Board were unable accept the explanation provided or verify the validity of the above-mentioned images. Consequently, the Editorial Board has lost confidence in the reliability of the findings and decided to retract this publication [1], as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in Chief of the journal Toxics.
The authors did not agree to this retraction.

Reference

  1. Di Paola, D.; Abbate, J.M.; Iaria, C.; Cordaro, M.; Crupi, R.; Siracusa, R.; D’Amico, R.; Fusco, R.; Impellizzeri, D.; Cuzzocrea, S.; et al. RETRACTED: Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Di Paola, D.; Abbate, J.M.; Iaria, C.; Cordaro, M.; Crupi, R.; Siracusa, R.; D’Amico, R.; Fusco, R.; Impellizzeri, D.; Cuzzocrea, S.; et al. RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279. Toxics 2025, 13, 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020085

AMA Style

Di Paola D, Abbate JM, Iaria C, Cordaro M, Crupi R, Siracusa R, D’Amico R, Fusco R, Impellizzeri D, Cuzzocrea S, et al. RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279. Toxics. 2025; 13(2):85. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020085

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Paola, Davide, Jessica Maria Abbate, Carmelo Iaria, Marika Cordaro, Rosalia Crupi, Rosalba Siracusa, Ramona D’Amico, Roberta Fusco, Daniela Impellizzeri, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, and et al. 2025. "RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279" Toxics 13, no. 2: 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020085

APA Style

Di Paola, D., Abbate, J. M., Iaria, C., Cordaro, M., Crupi, R., Siracusa, R., D’Amico, R., Fusco, R., Impellizzeri, D., Cuzzocrea, S., Spanò, N., Gugliandolo, E., & Peritore, A. F. (2025). RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Environmental Risk Assessment of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate and Tocilizumab Mixture in Zebrafish Early Life Stage (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 279. Toxics, 13(2), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020085

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