Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents and Their Parents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Theoretical Perspectives
1.2. Indulgent Parenting as Perceived by Adolescents and Their Parents
1.3. Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being Problems of Adolescents
1.4. Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being Problems of Parents
1.5. Influences between Adolescents and Their Parents
1.6. The Present Study
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedures
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Adolescent and Parental Perceptions of Indulgent Parenting
2.2.2. Adolescent and Parental Well-Being Problems
2.2.3. Covariates
2.3. Analytical Strategies
3. Results
3.1. Preliminary Analyses
3.2. Hypotheses Testing
4. Discussion
4.1. Indulgent Parenting and Adolescent Psychological Well-being Problems
4.2. Indulgent Parenting and Parental Well-Being Problems
4.3. Influences between Adolescents and Their Parents
4.4. Limitations and Future Research
4.5. Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Descriptive Statistics | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
M (%) | S.D. | Min. | Max. | |
Adolescent Report | ||||
Indulgent Parenting | ||||
Material Indulgence | 29.59 a | 7.72 | 10 | 50 |
Relational Indulgence | 27.74 b | 5.93 | 10 | 43 |
Behavioral Indulgence | 22.01 c | 5.74 | 12 | 36 |
Well-being | ||||
Anxiety | 18.21 | 6.80 | 10 | 37 |
Stress | 19.19 | 6.92 | 7 | 35 |
Low life Satisfaction | 17.19 | 7.11 | 5 | 35 |
Demographics | ||||
Age | 15.22 | 1.12 | ||
Race (White) | 44% | |||
Gender (Female) | 61% | |||
Ethnicity (Non-Hispanic or Latino) | 83% | |||
Parental Report | ||||
Indulgent Parenting | ||||
Material Indulgence | 24.20 a | 5.03 | 10 | 38 |
Relational Indulgence | 25.51 b | 4.93 | 14 | 42 |
Behavioral Indulgence | 19.71 c | 4.93 | 10 | 31 |
Well-being | ||||
Anxiety | 14.73 | 5.57 | 10 | 38 |
Stress | 18.86 | 5.83 | 7 | 35 |
Low life Satisfaction | 16.44 | 6.59 | 5 | 33 |
Demographics | ||||
Age (between 40–49) | 57% | |||
Race (White) | 44% | |||
Gender (Female) | 90% | |||
Family Structure (Biological or Adoptive Mothers) | 88% | |||
Ethnicity (Non-Hispanic or Latino) | 88% | |||
Education (Bachelors and Higher) | 64% | |||
Family Annual Income (below 100 k) | 69% |
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adolescent Report | ||||||||||||
1. Material Indulgence | 1.00 | |||||||||||
2. Relational Indulgence | 0.55 ** | 1.00 | ||||||||||
3. Behavioral Indulgence | 0.15 | 0.26 ** | 1.00 | |||||||||
4. Anxiety | −0.05 | −0.07 | 0.18 | 1.00 | ||||||||
5. Stress | −0.12 | −0.10 | 0.17 | 0.65 ** | 1.00 | |||||||
6. Low life Satisfaction | −0.27 ** | −0.21 * | 0.21 * | 0.33 ** | 0.28 ** | 1.00 | ||||||
Parental Report | ||||||||||||
7. Material Indulgence | 0.29 ** | 0.14 | 0.04 | −0.04 | −0.07 | −0.05 | 1.00 | |||||
8. Relational Indulgence | −0.07 | 0.22 * | 0.11 | −0.03 | −0.18 | 0.06 | 0.31 ** | 1.00 | ||||
9. Behavioral Indulgence | −0.16 | −0.04 | 0.24** | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.34 ** | 1.00 | |||
10. Anxiety | −0.11 | 0.02 | −0.12 | 0.09 | 0.02 | −0.01 | −0.01 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 1.00 | ||
11. Stress | −0.12 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.20 * | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.25 ** | 0.43 ** | 1.00 | |
12. Low life Satisfaction | −0.00 | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.31 ** | 0.19 * | 0.29 ** | 0.34 ** | 1.00 |
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Feng, Q.; Cui, M. Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents and Their Parents. Children 2023, 10, 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030451
Feng Q, Cui M. Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents and Their Parents. Children. 2023; 10(3):451. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030451
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeng, Qinglan, and Ming Cui. 2023. "Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents and Their Parents" Children 10, no. 3: 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030451
APA StyleFeng, Q., & Cui, M. (2023). Indulgent Parenting and the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents and Their Parents. Children, 10(3), 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030451