Design and Performance of X-Band SAR Payload for 80 kg Class Flat-Panel-Type Microsatellite Based on Active Phased Array Antenna
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mission and Satellite Design
2.1. Overview
2.2. Mission and Satellite
2.3. Imaging Modes
2.3.1. High-Resolution Mode
2.3.2. Wide-Swath Mode
3. SAR Payload Design
3.1. System Parameter Design
3.2. System Architecture Design
4. SAR Payload Unit Design
4.1. SAR Antenna Unit
4.2. Radio Frequency Unit
4.3. Digital Control Unit
4.4. Power Supply Unit
5. Antenna Model
6. SAR Payload Performance Analysis
6.1. SAR Payload System Design Tool
6.2. PRF Diamond Diagram
6.3. Noise Equivalent Sigma Zero
6.4. Impulse Response Function
6.5. Range Ambiguity Ratio
6.6. Azimuth Ambiguity Ratio
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specification | Value |
---|---|
Mission lifetime | 3 years |
Total spacecraft mass | 80.3 kg excluding launch adapter |
Satellite size | 1970 × 1060 × 200 mm |
Power | Generation: 340 W (BoL) Storage: 648 Wh |
Inter-satellite link | RF (S-band, 20 kbps) |
Telemetry telecommand (TMTC) | S-band (Up: 32 kbps; Down: 1 Mbps) |
Datalink | X-band (1 Gbps) |
Stabilization method | 3-axis stabilized |
Pointing accuracy | ) |
Image acquisition time | 60 s max |
Parameters | High-Resolution Mode | Wide-Swath Mode |
---|---|---|
Access region | 15°~35° | 15°~35° |
Swath width | ≥5 km | ≥15 km |
Resolution | ≤1 m @ 25° | ≤4 m @ 25° |
NESZ | ≤−14 dB @ 25° | ≤−16 dB @ 25° |
Peak sidelobe ratio | ≤−17 dB | ≤−17 dB |
Integrated sidelobe ratio | ≤−12 dB | ≤−12 dB |
Range ambiguity ratio | ≤−17 dB | ≤−17 dB |
Azimuth ambiguity ratio | ≤−17 dB | ≤−17 dB |
Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Center frequency | 9.65 GHz |
Polarization | single (VV) |
Antenna size | 1970 × 1060 mm |
Number of panels | 1 |
Array columns (azimuth) | 4 |
Array rows (elevation) | 48 |
Antenna gain | 41 dBi |
Antenna beamwidth | 0.8° in azimuth 1.6° in elevation |
Transmitted power | 1.92 kW max |
Average power consumption | 2.8 kW max |
Transmitted bandwidth | 400 MHz max |
Pulse width | 150 μs max |
Transmit duty cycle | 30% max |
Noise figure | 4 dB |
Pulse repetition frequency | 2~10 kHz |
Quantization | 10 bits |
Date rate | 1.5 Gbps |
System loss | 2.6 dB |
Payload mass | 28.9 kg max |
Parameters | Incidence Angle | ||
---|---|---|---|
15° | 25° | 35° | |
Beam steering angle | −8.02° | 1.41° | 10.29° |
Pulse width | 41 μs | 41 μs | 41 μs |
Transmitted bandwidth | 380 MHz | 376.27 MHz | 278.22 MHz |
Sampling frequency | 456 MHz | 451.52 MHz | 333.86 MHz |
PRF | 7220.39 Hz | 7105.39 Hz | 7197.39 Hz |
Sampling window length | 49.72 μs | 55.38 μs | 60.37 μs |
Rank | 25 | 26 | 29 |
Sampling window start time | 46.33 μs | 65.64 μs | 46.39 μs |
Synthetic aperture time | 0.99 s | 1.05 s | 1.15 s |
Number of pulses acquired | 7116 | 7439 | 8249 |
Parameters | Incidence Angle | ||
---|---|---|---|
15° | 25° | 35° | |
Beam steering angle | −8.02° | 1.41° | 10.29° |
Pulse width | 32 μs | 32 μs | 32 μs |
Transmitted bandwidth | 156.65 MHz | 94.07 MHz | 69.55 MHz |
Sampling frequency | 187.98 MHz | 112.88 MHz | 83.47 MHz |
PRF | 4033 Hz | 4068 Hz | 4000 Hz |
Sampling window length | 40.72 μs | 46.38 μs | 51.37 μs |
Rank | 14 | 15 | 16 |
Sampling window start time | 37.38 μs | 37.52 μs | 75.63 μs |
Synthetic aperture time | 0.25 s | 0.26 s | 0.29 s |
Number of pulses acquired | 994 | 1065 | 1146 |
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Kim, S.; Song, C.-M.; Lee, S.-H.; Song, S.-C.; Oh, H.-U. Design and Performance of X-Band SAR Payload for 80 kg Class Flat-Panel-Type Microsatellite Based on Active Phased Array Antenna. Aerospace 2022, 9, 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9040213
Kim S, Song C-M, Lee S-H, Song S-C, Oh H-U. Design and Performance of X-Band SAR Payload for 80 kg Class Flat-Panel-Type Microsatellite Based on Active Phased Array Antenna. Aerospace. 2022; 9(4):213. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9040213
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Seok, Chan-Mi Song, Seung-Hun Lee, Sung-Chan Song, and Hyun-Ung Oh. 2022. "Design and Performance of X-Band SAR Payload for 80 kg Class Flat-Panel-Type Microsatellite Based on Active Phased Array Antenna" Aerospace 9, no. 4: 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9040213