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Volume 10
Issue 11
10.3390/plants10112329
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Article

Alternative Pathway Is Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance in Hulless Barley Roots

by
Li He
1,2,3,
Xiaomin Wang
1,2,4,
Xiaofan Na
1,2,4,
Ruijun Feng
2,
Qiang He
2,
Shengwang Wang
2,
Cuifang Liang
2,
Lili Yan
2,
Libin Zhou
4,* and
Yurong Bi
1,2,4,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
2
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
3
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
4
Biophysics Group, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Rene Kizek
Plants 2021, 10(11), 2329; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112329
Received: 20 September 2021 / Revised: 21 October 2021 / Accepted: 23 October 2021 / Published: 28 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Topic Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Crop Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses)
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Abstract

Hulless barley, grown in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, has a wide range of environmental stress tolerance. Alternative pathway (AP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are involved in enhancing plant tolerance to environmental stresses. However, the relationship between H2O2 and AP in hulless barley tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress remains unclear. In the study, the role and relationship of AP and H2O2 under Cd stress were investigated in hulless barley (Kunlun14) and common barley (Ganpi6). Results showed that the expression level of alternative oxidase (AOX) genes (mainly AOX1a), AP capacity (Valt), and AOX protein were clearly induced more in Kunlun14 than in Ganpi 6 under Cd stress; moreover, these parameters were further enhanced by applying H2O2. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, electrolyte leakage (EL) and NAD(P)H to NAD(P) ratio also increased in Cd-treated roots, especially in Kunlun 14, which can be markedly alleviated by exogenous H2O2. However, this mitigating effect was aggravated by salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, an AOX inhibitor), suggesting AP contributes to the H2O2-enhanced Cd tolerance. Further study demonstrated that the effect of SHAM on the antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants was minimal. Taken together, hulless barley has higher tolerance to Cd than common barley; and in the process, AP exerts an indispensable function in the H2O2-enhanced Cd tolerance. AP is mainly responsible for the decrease of ROS levels by dissipating excess reducing equivalents. View Full-Text
Keywords: alternative pathway; Cd stress; hulless barley; hydrogen peroxide; reactive oxygen species alternative pathway; Cd stress; hulless barley; hydrogen peroxide; reactive oxygen species
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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MDPI and ACS Style

He, L.; Wang, X.; Na, X.; Feng, R.; He, Q.; Wang, S.; Liang, C.; Yan, L.; Zhou, L.; Bi, Y. Alternative Pathway Is Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance in Hulless Barley Roots. Plants 2021, 10, 2329. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112329

AMA Style

He L, Wang X, Na X, Feng R, He Q, Wang S, Liang C, Yan L, Zhou L, Bi Y. Alternative Pathway Is Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance in Hulless Barley Roots. Plants. 2021; 10(11):2329. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112329

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Li, Xiaomin Wang, Xiaofan Na, Ruijun Feng, Qiang He, Shengwang Wang, Cuifang Liang, Lili Yan, Libin Zhou, and Yurong Bi. 2021. "Alternative Pathway Is Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance in Hulless Barley Roots" Plants 10, no. 11: 2329. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112329

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