Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the General Population in Yemen Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Study Design and Location
2.2. Study Population, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Sample Size Determination and Sampling Technique and Questionnaire Administration
2.4. Development of the Questionnaire
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Ethics Statement
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics
3.2. Knowledge about COVID-19
3.3. Attitudes toward COVID-19
3.4. Practices toward COVID-19
4. Discussion
5. Strengths and Limitations
6. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | n (%) |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male | 324 (69.4) |
Female | 143 (30.6) |
Age groups | |
15–29 | 282 (60.4) |
30–44 | 130 (27.8) |
45–59 | 38 (8.1) |
≥60 | 17 (3.6) |
Occupation | |
Employed | 205 (43.9) |
Student | 154 (33.0) |
Housewife | 26 (5.6) |
Unemployed | 32 (6.9) |
Others (self-employed) | 50 (10.7) |
Marital status | |
Single | 245 (52.5) |
Married | 209 (44.8) |
Divorced | 8 (1.7) |
Widowed | 5 (1.1) |
Level of education | |
School | 66 (14.1) |
University | 401 (85.9) |
Had COVID-19 | |
Yes | 78 (16.7) |
No | 389 (83.3) |
Had family member with COVID-19 | |
Yes | 107 (22.9) |
No | 360 (77.1) |
Coexisting disease | |
Yes | 52 (11.1) |
No | 415 (88.9) |
Item | Correct n (%) | Not Correct n (%) | Don’t Know n (%) |
---|---|---|---|
K1. The main clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, fatigue, dry cough, and muscle pain. | 393 (84.2) | 24 (5.1) | 50 (10.7) |
K2. Unlike the common cold, stuffy nose, runny nose, and sneezing are less common in persons infected with the COVID-19 virus. | 289 (61.9) | 73 (15.6) | 105 (22.5) |
K3. Currently there is no effective cure for COVID-19, but early symptomatic and supportive treatment can help most patients to recover from the infection. | 380 (81.4) | 24 (5.1) | 63 (13.5) |
K4. Not all persons with COVID-19 will develop severe cases. Those who are elderly, have chronic illnesses, and are obese are more likely to be severe cases. | 398 (85.2) | 32 (6.9) | 37 (7.9) |
K5. Eating or contacting wild animals would result in the infection by the COVID-19 virus. | 212 (45.4) | 72 (15.4) | 183 (39.2) |
K6. Persons with COVID-19 cannot spread the virus to others when the symptoms of COVID-19 are not present. | 279 (59.7) | 91 (19.5) | 97 (20.8) |
K7. The COVID-19 virus spreads via respiratory droplets of infected individuals. | 434 (92.9) | 8 (1.7) | 25 (5.4) |
K8. Ordinary individuals can wear general medical masks to prevent the infection by the COVID-19 virus. | 411 (88.0) | 34 (7.3) | 22 (4.7) |
K9. It is not necessary for children and young adults to take measures to prevent the infection by the COVID-19 virus. | 392 (83.9) | 40 (8.6) | 35 (7.5) |
K10. To prevent the infection by COVID-19, individuals should avoid going to crowded places and avoid gatherings. | 436 (93.4) | 13 (2.8) | 18 (3.9) |
K11. Test, Trace and Isolate (TTI) are the effective ways to reduce the spread of COVID-19. | 393 (84.2) | 18 (3.9) | 56 (12.0) |
K12. People who have contact with someone infected with the COVID-19 virus should be immediately isolated in a proper place. In general, the observation period is 14 days. | 419 (89.7) | 24 (5.1) | 24 (5.1) |
Variables | n | Knowledge | |
---|---|---|---|
Mean (±SD) | p-Value * | ||
Gender | 0.047 * | ||
Male | 324 | 9.38 (2.23) | |
Female | 143 | 9.77 (1.81) | |
Age groups | 0.53 | ||
15–29 | 282 | 9.48 (2.02) | |
30–44 | 130 | 9.44 (2.25) | |
45–59 | 38 | 9.97 (1.90) | |
≥ 60 | 17 | 9.29 (3.04) | |
Occupation | 0.099 | ||
Employed | 205 | 9.61 (2.07) | |
Student | 154 | 9.44 (1.89) | |
Housewife | 26 | 9.81 (1.88) | |
Unemployed | 32 | 8.56 (2.99) | |
Others | 50 | 9.66 (2.32) | |
Marital status | 0.097 | ||
Single | 254 | 9.46 (2.06) | |
Married | 209 | 9.62 (2.11) | |
Divorced | 8 | 7.75 (3.54) | |
Widowed | 5 | 9.20 (1.64) | |
Level of education | 0.022 * | ||
School | 66 | 8.85 (2.50) | |
University | 401 | 9.61 (2.03) | |
Had COVID-19 | 0.011 * | ||
Yes | 78 | 10.1 (1.75) | |
No | 389 | 9.39 (2.17) | |
Had family member with COVID-19 | 0.072 | ||
Yes | 107 | 9.82 (2.05) | |
No | 360 | 9.40 (2.13) | |
Coexisting disease | 0.27 | ||
Yes | 52 | 9.19 (2.41) | |
No | 415 | 9.54 (2.08) |
Questions | Yes n (%) | No n (%) | Don’t Know n (%) |
---|---|---|---|
A1. Do you agree that COVID-19 will finally be successfully controlled? | 287 (61.5) | 43 (9.2) | 137 (29.3) |
A2. Do you think that COVID-19 is a threat for your community? | 324 (69.4) | 95 (20.3) | 48 (10.3) |
A3. I think that the lockdown would improve the overall wellbeing of society in terms of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic situation. | 371 (79.4) | 46 (9.9) | 50 (10.7) |
Variables | n | Knowledge | |
---|---|---|---|
Mean (± SD) | p-Value * | ||
A1. Do you agree that COVID-19 will finally be successfully controlled? | <0.001 * | ||
Yes | 287 | 9.79 (1.82) | |
No/Unsure | 180 | 9.04 (2.45) | |
A2. Do you think that COVID-19 is a threat for your community? | <0.001 * | ||
Yes | 324 | 9.77 (1.83) | |
No/Unsure | 143 | 8.90 (2.56) | |
A3. I think that the lockdown would improve the overall wellbeing of society in terms of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic situation. | <0.001 * | ||
Yes | 371 | 9.84 (1.70) | |
No/Unsure | 96 | 8.18 (2.92) |
Questions | Yes n (%) | No n (%) | Don’t Know n (%) |
---|---|---|---|
P1. In recent days, have you gone to any crowded place? | 333 (71.3) | 108 (23.1) | 26 (5.6) |
P2. In recent days, have you worn a mask when leaving home? | 111 (23.8) | 342 (73.2) | 14 (3.0) |
P3. Are you following the strategies recommended by authorities (e.g., Ministry of Health) to prevent COVID-19 infection and spread? | 233 (49.9) | 177 (37.9) | 57 (12.2) |
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Anaam, M.S. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the General Population in Yemen Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases 2023, 11, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases11010017
Anaam MS. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the General Population in Yemen Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases. 2023; 11(1):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases11010017
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnaam, Mohammed Saif. 2023. "Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the General Population in Yemen Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study" Diseases 11, no. 1: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases11010017
APA StyleAnaam, M. S. (2023). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the General Population in Yemen Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diseases, 11(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases11010017