Production, Preparation and Characterization of Microalgae-Based Biopolymer as a Potential Bioactive Film
1
Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
2
Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Acueducto s/n, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Mexico City 07340, Mexico
3
Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
4
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Avenida Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Coatings 2020, 10(2), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020120
Received: 18 December 2019 / Revised: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 January 2020 / Published: 31 January 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradable Films and Composite Coatings: Current and Future Trends)
Six microalgae strains were screened according to their biomass productivity and polymer synthesis, showing biomass productivity between 0.14 and 0.68 g/(L·d) for a 21-day growth period. Extracellular biopolymers from the spent culture media of Nostoc sp. (No), Synechocystis sp. (Sy), and Porphyridium purpureum (Pp) was obtained, and the yields of the clean biopolymer were 323, 204, and 83 mg/L, respectively. The crude biopolymer was cleaned up using a solid-phase extraction technique. The emulsification index E24 values for the clean biopolymer were 77.5%, 68.8%, and 73.3% at 0.323, 0.083, and 0.204 mg/mL, respectively. The clean biopolymer of the No strain showed the highest fungal growth inhibition against Fusarium verticillioides (70.2%) and Fusarium sp. (61.4%) at 2.24 mg/mL. In general, transparent and flexible biofilms were prepared using biopolymers of No and Pp. The microstructural analysis revealed the presence of pores and cracks in the biofilms, and the average roughness Ra values are 68.6 and 86.4 nm for No and Pp, respectively, and the root mean square roughness Rq values are 86.2 and 107.2 nm for No and Pp, respectively.
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Keywords:
microalgae; biopolymer; emulsification; antifungal; biofilms
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MDPI and ACS Style
Morales-Jiménez, M.; Gouveia, L.; Yáñez-Fernández, J.; Castro-Muñoz, R.; Barragán-Huerta, B.E. Production, Preparation and Characterization of Microalgae-Based Biopolymer as a Potential Bioactive Film. Coatings 2020, 10, 120.
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