Lignin-Based Hollow Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery: Grafting Preparation Using β-Cyclodextrin/Enzymatic-Hydrolysis Lignin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Modification of Lignin (A-EHL)
2.3. Grafting of β-CD (CD-EHL)
2.4. Preparation of CD-EHL Hollow Nanoparticles (CD-LHNPs)
2.5. Drug Loading
2.6. In Vitro Release Studies
2.7. In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin-Modified EHL
3.2. Morphology, Size, and Chemical Characterization of β-CD-Modified LHNPs
3.3. Space Structure Performance Characteristics of LHNPs
3.4. Encapsulation and Sustained-Release Capacity of CD-LHNPs
3.5. In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Surface Elemental Composition (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C% | O% | N% | O/C Ratio | C–C | C–N | C–O | C=O | |
LHNPs | 82.96 | 15.9 | 1.13 | 0.19 | 68. 82 | 0 | 29.55 | 1.64 |
CD-LHNPs | 78.62 | 18.7 | 2.69 | 0.23 | 43. 93 | 20.96 | 31.23 | 3.88 |
Sample | LHNPs | CD-LHNPs | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
m0/m | EE (%) | DL (%) | EE (%) | DL (%) |
10% | 58.6 ± 5 | 5.54 ± 0.3 | 82.4 ± 3 | 7.61 ± 1 |
20% | 59.4 ± 7 | 10.62 ± 0.7 | 78.5 ± 5 | 13.57 ± 2 |
40% | 51.1 ± 7 | 16.97 ± 0.9 | 70.6 ± 9 | 22.02 ± 2 |
60% | 40.5 ± 11 | 19.55 ± 0.7 | 54.8 ± 9 | 24.76 ± 2 |
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Zhou, Y.; Han, Y.; Li, G.; Yang, S.; Chu, F. Lignin-Based Hollow Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery: Grafting Preparation Using β-Cyclodextrin/Enzymatic-Hydrolysis Lignin. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070997
Zhou Y, Han Y, Li G, Yang S, Chu F. Lignin-Based Hollow Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery: Grafting Preparation Using β-Cyclodextrin/Enzymatic-Hydrolysis Lignin. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9(7):997. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070997
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Yu, Yanming Han, Gaiyun Li, Sheng Yang, and Fuxiang Chu. 2019. "Lignin-Based Hollow Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery: Grafting Preparation Using β-Cyclodextrin/Enzymatic-Hydrolysis Lignin" Nanomaterials 9, no. 7: 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070997