Room Temperature Light Emission from Superatom-like Ge–Core/Si–Shell Quantum Dots
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Grom, G.F.; Lockwood, D.J.; McCaffrey, J.P.; Labbé, H.J.; Fauchet, P.M.; White, B., Jr.; Diener, J.; Kovalev, D.; Koch, F.; Tsybeskov, L. Ordering and self–organization in nanocrystalline silicon. Nature 2000, 407, 358–361. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zakharov, N.D.; Talalaev, V.G.; Werner, P.; Tonkikh, A.A.; Cirlin, G.E. Room–temperature light emission from a highly strained Si/Ge superlattice. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 3084. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jambois, O.; Rinnert, H.; Devaux, X.; Vergnat, M. Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of size–controlled silicon nanocrystallites embedded in SiO2 thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 98, 046105. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sun, K.W.; Sue, S.H.; Liu, C.W. Visible photoluminescence from Ge quantum dots. Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 2005, 28, 525. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Perez del Pino, A.; Gyorgy, E.; Marcus, I.C.; Roqueta, J.; Alonso, M.I. Effects of pulsed laser radiation on epitaxial self–assembled Ge quantum dots grown on Si substrates. Nanotechnology 2011, 22, 295304. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gassenq, A.; Guilloy, K.; Pauc, N.; Hartmann, J.-M.; Osvaldo Dias, G.; Rouchon, D.; Tardif, S.; Escalante, J.; Duchemin, I.; Niquet, Y.-M.; et al. Study of the light emission in Ge layers and strained membranes on Si substrates. Thin Solid Films 2016, 613, 64–67. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Schlykow, V.; Zaumseil, P.; Schubert, M.A.; Skibitzki, O.; Yamamoto, Y.; Klesse, W.M.; Hou, Y.; Virgilio, M.; De Seta, M.; Di Gaspare, L.; et al. Photoluminescence from GeSn nano-heterostructures. Nanotechnology 2018, 29, 415702. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Thai, Q.M.; Pauc, N.; Aubin, J.; Bertrand, M.; Chrétien, J.; Delaye, V.; Chelnokov, A.; Hartmann, J.-M.; Reboud, V.; Calvo, V. GeSn heterostructure micro-disk laser operating at 230 K. Opt. Exp. 2018, 26, 32500–32508. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- den Driesch, N.; Stange, D.; Rainko, D.; Breuer, U.; Capellini, G.; Hartmann, J.-M.; Sigg, H.; Mantl, S.; Grützmacher, D.; Buca, D. Epitaxy of Si-Ge-Sn-based heterostructures for CMOS-integratable light emitters. Solid-State Electron. 2019, 155, 139–143. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chrétien, J.; Pauc, N.; Pilon, F.A.; Bertrand, M.; Thai, Q.-M.; Casiez, L.; Bernier, N.; Dansas, H.; Gergaud, P.; Delamadeleine, E.; et al. GeSn Lasers Covering a Wide Wavelength Range Thanks to Uniaxial Tensile Strain. ACS Photonics 2019, 6, 2462–2469. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Armand Pilon, F.T.; Lyasota, A.; Niquet, Y.-M.; Reboud, V.; Calvo, V.; Pauc, N.; Widiez, J.; Bonzon, C.; Hartmann, J.-M.; Chelnokov, A.; et al. Lasing in strained germanium microbridges. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 2724. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fadaly, E.M.T.; Dijkstra, A.; Suckert, J.R.; Ziss, D.; van Tilburg, M.A.J.; Mao, C.; Ren, Y.; van Lange, V.T.; Korzun, K.; Kölling, S.; et al. Direct-bandgap emission from hexagonal Ge and SiGe alloys. Nature 2020, 580, 205–209. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ji, Z.-M.; Luo, J.-W.; Li, S.-S. Interface–engineering enhanced light emission from Si/Ge quantum dots. New J. Phys. 2020, 22, 093037. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jannesari, R.; Schatzl, M.; Hackl, F.; Glaser, M.; Hingerl, K.; Fromherz, T.; Schäffler, F. Commensurate germanium light emitters in silicon–on–insulator photonic crystal slabs. Opt. Express 2014, 21, 25426–25435. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Petykiewicz, J.; Nam, D.; Sukhdeo, D.S.; Gupta, S.; Buckley, S.; Piggott, A.Y.; Vuckovic, J.; Saraswat, K.C. Direct Bandgap Light Emission from Strained Germanium Nanowires Coupled with High-Q Nanophotonic Cavities. Nano Lett. 2016, 16, 2168–2173. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Reboud, V.; Gassenq, A.; Hartmann, J.M.; Widiez, J.; Virot, L.; Aubin, J.; Guilloy, K.; Tardif, S.; Fédéli, J.M.; Pauc, N.; et al. Germanium based photonic components toward a full silicon/germanium photonic platform. Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater. 2017, 63, 1–24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Walters, R.J.; Bourianoff, G.I.; Atwater, H.A. Field-effect electroluminescence in silicon nanocrystals. Nat. Mat. 2005, 4, 143–146. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, X.; Tsuboi, T.; Chiba, T.; Usami, N.; Maruizumi, T.; Shiraki, Y. Silicon-based current-injected light emitting diodes with Ge self-assembled quantum dots embedded in photonic crystal nanocavities. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 14714–14721. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, X.; Usami, N.; Maruizumi, T.; Shiraki, Y. Enhancement of light emission from Ge quantum dots by photonic crystal nanocavities at room-temperature. J. Crystal Growth 2013, 378, 636. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, X.; Maruizumi, T.; Shiraki, Y. Waveguide-integrated microdisk light-emitting diode and photodetector based on Ge quantum dots. Opt. Express 2014, 22, 3902–3910. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zeng, C.; Ma, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Li, D.; Huang, Z.; Wang, Y.; Huang, Q.; Li, J.; Zhong, Z.; Yu, J.; et al. Single germanium quantum dot embedded in photonic crystal nanocavity for light emitter on silicon chip. Opt. Exp. 2015, 23, 22250–22261. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Darma, Y.; Takaoka, R.; Murakami, H.; Miyazaki, S. Self-assembling formation of silicon quantum dots with a germanium core by low–pressure chemical vapor deposition. Nanotechnology 2003, 14, 413–415. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Makihara, K.; Kondo, K.; Ikeda, M.; Ohta, A.; Miyazaki, S. Photoluminescence Study of Si Quantum Dots with Ge Core. ECS Trans. 2014, 64, 365–370. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamada, K.; Kondo, K.; Makihara, K.; Ikeda, M.; Ohta, A.; Miyazaki, S. Effect of Ge Core Size on Photoluminescence from Si Quantum Dots with Ge Core. ECS Trans. 2016, 75, 695–700. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kondo, K.; Makihara, K.; Ikeda, M.; Miyazaki, S. Photoluminescence study of high density Si quantum dots with Ge core. J. Appl. Phys. 2016, 119, 033103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Makihara, K.; Ikeda, M.; Fujimura, N.; Yamada, K.; Ohta, A.; Miyazaki, S. Electroluminescence of superatom-like Ge-core/Si-shell quantum dots by alternate field–effect–induced carrier injection. Appl. Phys. Exp. 2018, 11, 011305. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tillack, B.; Yamamoto, Y.; Murota, J. Atomic Control of Doping during Si Based Epitaxial Layer Growth Processes. ECS Trans. 2010, 33, 603–614. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamamoto, Y.; Zaumseil, P.; Arguirov, T.; Kittler, M.; Tillack, B. Low threading dislocation density Ge deposited on Si (100) using RPCVD. Solid-State Electron. 2011, 60, 2–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamamoto, Y.; Zaumseil, P.; Murota, J.; Tillack, B. Phosphorus Profile Control in Ge by Si Delta Layers. ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol. 2013, 3, P1–P4. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamamoto, Y.; Zaumseil, P.; Schubert, M.A.; Tillack, B. Influence of annealing conditions on threading dislocation density in Ge deposited on Si by reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 2018, 33, 124007. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Makihara, K.; Yamamoto, Y.; Imai, Y.; Taoka, N.; Schubert, M.A.; Tillack, B.; Miyazaki, S. Room Temperature Light Emission from Superatom-like Ge–Core/Si–Shell Quantum Dots. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091475
Makihara K, Yamamoto Y, Imai Y, Taoka N, Schubert MA, Tillack B, Miyazaki S. Room Temperature Light Emission from Superatom-like Ge–Core/Si–Shell Quantum Dots. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(9):1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091475
Chicago/Turabian StyleMakihara, Katsunori, Yuji Yamamoto, Yuki Imai, Noriyuki Taoka, Markus Andreas Schubert, Bernd Tillack, and Seiichi Miyazaki. 2023. "Room Temperature Light Emission from Superatom-like Ge–Core/Si–Shell Quantum Dots" Nanomaterials 13, no. 9: 1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091475