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Review

On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters

by
Alberica Brancasi
1,*,
Elisa Leone
1,
Antonio Francone
1,
Giulio Scaravaglione
2 and
Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio
1
1
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, EUMER Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
2
Department of Civil, Environmental, Territory, Building and Chemical Engineering (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Edoardo Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1986; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986
Submission received: 15 November 2022 / Revised: 4 December 2022 / Accepted: 8 December 2022 / Published: 13 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breakwater Behaviour II)

Abstract

Submerged and low-crested breakwaters are nearshore barriers with an underwater or slightly emergent crest, designed to reduce the energy of wave attacks and, consequently, to protect the coast from erosion and flooding. Their performance in reducing the wave energy can be evaluated by the value of the wave transmission coefficient, which thus requires accurate prediction. In the last few decades, several experimental investigations allowed the development of several formulae to predict this coefficient that agreed well within the given range of validity. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the existing formulae has been reported and the influence of input design variables has been highlighted. Moreover, an extensive set of experimental data has been collected and critically examined and re-analyzed to obtain a homogenous up-to-date database. Special attention has been addressed to the assessment of the reliability of each existing formula for and to evaluate its performance beyond the validity limits for which it was developed.
Keywords: wave transmission; submerged breakwater; low-crested breakwater wave transmission; submerged breakwater; low-crested breakwater

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Brancasi, A.; Leone, E.; Francone, A.; Scaravaglione, G.; Tomasicchio, G.R. On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10, 1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986

AMA Style

Brancasi A, Leone E, Francone A, Scaravaglione G, Tomasicchio GR. On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(12):1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brancasi, Alberica, Elisa Leone, Antonio Francone, Giulio Scaravaglione, and Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio. 2022. "On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12: 1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986

APA Style

Brancasi, A., Leone, E., Francone, A., Scaravaglione, G., & Tomasicchio, G. R. (2022). On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(12), 1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986

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