COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Health Science Students in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Data Collection
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Ethical and Legal Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and General Information of Participants
3.2. Attitudes toward COVID-19 and COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance
3.3. Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance
3.4. Factors Influencing non-COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Distribution n (%) |
---|---|
Gender 1 | |
Male | 402 (31.6) |
Female | 870 (68.4) |
Age (mean ± SD) 1 | 21.7 ± 5.6 |
≤20 | 652 (51.3) |
>20 | 620 (48.7) |
College | |
Medicine | 692 (54.4) |
Dentistry | 120 (9.4) |
Pharmacy | 73 (5.7) |
Nursing and Allied Health Sciences | 178 (14.0) |
Public Health | 123 (9.7) |
Biomedical Engineering | 86 (6.8) |
Chronic disease | |
No | 1104 (86.8) |
Yes | 168 (13.2) |
History of COVID-19 | |
No | 1154 (90.7) |
Yes | 118 (9.3) |
Family member, friend or classmate infected with COVID-19 | |
No | 249 (19.6) |
Yes | 1023 (80.4) |
Loss of a loved one, or a friend due to COVID-19 | |
No | 951 (74.8) |
Yes | 321 (25.2) |
Independent Variable | Accept (n = 343) | No/or Not Sure (n = 929) | Unadjusted | Adjusted 1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
Gender | p < 0.01 | |||||
Female | 183 (53.4) | 687 (74.0) | Ref 2 | Ref | ||
Male | 160 (46.6) | 242 (26.0) | 2.48 (1.91–3.21) | 1.45 (1.05–2.00) | 0.02 | |
Age | 0.15 | |||||
≤20 | 187 (54.5) | 465 (50.1) | Ref | Ref | ||
>20 | 156 (45.5) | 464 (49.9) | 0.83 (0.65–1.07) | 0.76 (0.55–1.03) | 0.08 | |
Chronic disease | 0.95 | |||||
No | 298 (86.9) | 806 (86.8) | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 45 (13.1) | 123 (13.2) | 1.01 (0.70–1.45) | 1.30 (0.83–2.04) | 0.24 | |
History of COVID-19 | 0.40 | |||||
No | 315 (91.8) | 839 (90.3) | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 28 (8.2) | 90 (9.7) | 0.82 (0.53–1.29) | 0.87 (0.52–1.48) | 0.62 | |
Family member, friend or classmate infected with COVID-19 | 0.10 | |||||
No | 57 (16.6) | 192 (20.7) | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 286 (83.4) | 737 (79.3) | 1.30 (0.94–1.81) | 1.35 (0.89–2.05) | 0.15 | |
Loss of a loved one or a friend due to COVID-19 | 0.05 | |||||
No | 243 (70.8) | 708 (76.2) | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 100 (29.2) | 221 (23.8) | 1.31 (0.99–1.74) | 1.32 (0.93–1.87) | 0.11 | |
Score of confidence in the information circulating about COVID-19 | 2.68 ± 0.74 | 2.33 ± 0.72 | 1.91 (1.60–2.27) | <0.01 | 1.43 (1.14–1.80) | <0.01 |
Score of knowledge about COVID-19 | 4.95 ± 1.01 | 4.86 ± 1.05 | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | 0.17 | 1.03 (0.89–1.20) | 0.63 |
Score of perceived likelihood of COVID-19 | 5.33 ± 1.18 | 5.14 ± 1.15 | 1.15 (1.03–1.28) | 0.01 | 1.23 (1.07–1.41) | <0.01 |
Score of perceived severity of COVID-19 | 3.22 ± 0.73 | 2.95 ± 0.78 | 1.59 (1.34–1.88) | <0.01 | 1.26 (1.02–1.55) | 0.03 |
Score of impact of the pandemic | 8.69 ± 1.69 | 8.79 ± 1.81 | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 0.38 | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 0.43 |
Score of perceived harm of a COVID-19 vaccine | 2.31 ± 0.68 | 3.06 ± 0.71 | 0.23 (0.19–0.29) | <0.01 | 0.32 (0.25–0.41) | <0.01 |
Score of perceived effectiveness of a COVID-19 vaccine | 3.30 ± 0.54 | 2.61 ± 0.67 | 8.15 (6.00–11.09) | <0.01 | 6.12 (4.32–8.66) | <0.01 |
Variable | Would Matter n (%) | Would Not Matter n (%) |
---|---|---|
Health status | 538 (42.3) | 734 (57.7) |
Age | 308 (24.2) | 964 (75.8) |
Free vaccine or coverage by health insurance | 206 (16.2) | 1066 (83.8) |
Advice of your doctor | 440 (34.6) | 832 (65.4) |
Duration of protection provided by the vaccine | 540 (42.5) | 732 (57.5) |
Knowledge of the possible side effects of the vaccine | 1064 (83.6) | 208 (16.4) |
Opinion of your friends or family members | 302 (23.7) | 970 (76.3) |
Country of origin of the vaccine | 301 (23.7) | 971 (76.3) |
Variable | Would Matter n (%) | Would Not Matter n (%) |
---|---|---|
Recommendation from a doctor or any other health professional | 452 (48.7) | 477 (51.3) |
Moroccan Ministry of Health Recommendations | 210 (22.6) | 719 (77.4) |
World Health Organization Recommendations | 448 (48.2) | 481 (51.8) |
Opinion of your family members or friends | 161 (17.3) | 768 (82.7) |
Messages conveyed in the media | 58 (6.2) | 871 (93.8) |
Any factor, including those not included | 660 (71.0) | 269 (29.0) |
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Khalis, M.; Boucham, M.; Luo, A.; Marfak, A.; Saad, S.; Mariama Aboubacar, C.; Ait El Haj, S.; Jallal, M.; Aazi, F.-Z.; Charaka, H.; et al. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Health Science Students in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines 2021, 9, 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121451
Khalis M, Boucham M, Luo A, Marfak A, Saad S, Mariama Aboubacar C, Ait El Haj S, Jallal M, Aazi F-Z, Charaka H, et al. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Health Science Students in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines. 2021; 9(12):1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121451
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhalis, Mohamed, Mouna Boucham, Amy Luo, Abdelghafour Marfak, Soukaina Saad, Camara Mariama Aboubacar, Soukaina Ait El Haj, Manar Jallal, Fatima-Zahra Aazi, Hafida Charaka, and et al. 2021. "COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Health Science Students in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study" Vaccines 9, no. 12: 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121451
APA StyleKhalis, M., Boucham, M., Luo, A., Marfak, A., Saad, S., Mariama Aboubacar, C., Ait El Haj, S., Jallal, M., Aazi, F. -Z., Charaka, H., & Nejjari, C. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Health Science Students in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines, 9(12), 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121451