Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Search Strategy
3. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
4. Gianotti Crosti-like eruptions
5. Eczema Coxsackium
6. Petechial/Purpuric Eruptions
7. Vesiculobullous Exanthema
8. Tomato Flu
9. Geographical Distribution of Atypical HFMD
10. Evolutionary Characteristics of Virus Strains Causing Atypical HFMD
11. Summary and Prospective
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Differential Points | Gianotti–Crosti-Like Eruptions | Gianotti–Crosti Eruptions | Papulosquamous Urticaria | Erythema Infectiosum |
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Fever |
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Skin rash |
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Itching |
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Blisters |
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Recurrence |
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Duration |
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Pathogens |
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Prevalence age |
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Differential Points | Eczema Coxsackium | Herpes Zoster | Herpetic Eczema |
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Fever |
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Skin rash |
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Pain or itching |
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Complications |
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Recurrence |
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Duration |
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Pathogens |
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Prevalence age |
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Differential Points | Petechial/Purpuric Eruptions | Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis | Glove and Stocking Purpura |
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Fever |
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Skin rash |
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Itching |
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Recurrence |
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Duration |
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Histopathological features |
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Pathogens |
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Prevalence age |
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Differential Points | Vesiculobullous Exanthema | Bullous Impetigo | Varicella | Primary Immune Bullous (Take Bullous Pemphigoid, for Example) |
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Fever |
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Clinical Presentation |
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Preferred site |
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Itching |
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Recurrence |
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Duration |
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Pathogens |
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Prevalence age |
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Serotype | Atypical Presentation | Accession Number | Time | Country | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVA6 |
| KX575862 - KX575865 | 2015 | Argentina | [48] |
CVA6 |
| KC297130 - KC297135 | 2010 | Taiwan, China | [35] |
CVA6 |
| TW910141 - TW910142 | 2015 | Taiwan, China | [49] |
CVA6 |
| MT747440 | 2018 | Brazil | [50] |
CVA6 |
| MH371303 | 2017 | Italy | [44] |
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Chen, Y.; Dai, B.; Han, S.; Duan, G.; Yang, H.; Chen, S.; Ji, W.; Jin, Y. Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Vaccines 2023, 11, 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020405
Chen Y, Dai B, Han S, Duan G, Yang H, Chen S, Ji W, Jin Y. Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Vaccines. 2023; 11(2):405. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020405
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Yu, Bowen Dai, Shujie Han, Guangcai Duan, Haiyan Yang, Shuaiyin Chen, Wangquan Ji, and Yuefei Jin. 2023. "Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease" Vaccines 11, no. 2: 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020405
APA StyleChen, Y., Dai, B., Han, S., Duan, G., Yang, H., Chen, S., Ji, W., & Jin, Y. (2023). Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Vaccines, 11(2), 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020405