The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds

Weatherhead, Drew; Arredondo, Maria M.; Nácar Garcia, Loreto; Werker, Janet F.

doi:10.3390/brainsci11010114

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The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds

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Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada

Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA

Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

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Brain Sci. 2021, 11(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010114

Received: 1 December 2020 / Revised: 12 January 2021 / Accepted: 14 January 2021 / Published: 16 January 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Non-Speech Cues on Speech Perception across Development)

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Abstract

Three experiments examined the role of audiovisual speech on 24-month-old monolingual and bilinguals’ performance in a fast-mapping task. In all three experiments, toddlers were exposed to familiar trials which tested their knowledge of known word–referent pairs, disambiguation trials in which novel word–referent pairs were indirectly learned, and retention trials which probed their recognition of the newly-learned word–referent pairs. In Experiment 1 (n = 48), lip movements were present during familiar and disambiguation trials, but not retention trials. In Experiment 2 (n = 48), lip movements were present during all three trial types. In Experiment 3 (bilinguals only, n = 24), a still face with no lip movements was present in all three trial types. While toddlers succeeded in the familiar and disambiguation trials of every experiment, success in the retention trials was only found in Experiment 2. This work suggests that the extra-linguistic support provided by lip movements improved the learning and recognition of the novel words. View Full-Text

Keywords: word learning; fast-mapping; audiovisual speech perception; word recognition

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Weatherhead, D.; Arredondo, M.M.; Nácar Garcia, L.; Werker, J.F. The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010114

AMA Style

Weatherhead D, Arredondo MM, Nácar Garcia L, Werker JF. The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds. Brain Sciences. 2021; 11(1):114. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010114

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weatherhead, Drew, Maria M. Arredondo, Loreto Nácar Garcia, and Janet F. Werker. 2021. "The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds" Brain Sciences 11, no. 1: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010114

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The Role of Audiovisual Speech in Fast-Mapping and Novel Word Retention in Monolingual and Bilingual 24-Month-Olds

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