Surface Patterns for Drag Modification in Volleyballs
1
Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-City 305-8574, Japan
2
Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
3
Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(19), 4007; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194007
Received: 13 August 2019 / Revised: 18 September 2019 / Accepted: 20 September 2019 / Published: 25 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Physics)
Surface patterns on objects are important in aerodynamics. We show how surface patterns on volleyballs modify their aerodynamic performances. Conventional volleyballs with six panels show different aerodynamic characteristics along transverse and diagonal directions. Interestingly, isotropic surface patterning with hexagons or dimples enables us to achieve isotropic aerodynamics. This result gives insight into surface-mediated flight controls of projectiles through resisting fluid media.
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Keywords:
aerodynamics; drag crisis; surface pattern; volleyball; wind tunnel experiment
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Hong, S.; Asai, T.; Weon, B.M. Surface Patterns for Drag Modification in Volleyballs. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194007
AMA Style
Hong S, Asai T, Weon BM. Surface Patterns for Drag Modification in Volleyballs. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(19):4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194007
Chicago/Turabian StyleHong, Sungchan; Asai, Takeshi; Weon, Byung M. 2019. "Surface Patterns for Drag Modification in Volleyballs" Appl. Sci. 9, no. 19: 4007. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194007
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