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Article

Multidomain Connectivity as a Marker of HIIT-Induced Adaptation in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Correlational Mapping Approach

by
Moses Gnanasigamani
1,
Agnieszka Kaczmarek
2,
Jarosław Nosal
1,
Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
2 and
Paweł Chmura
1,*
1
Department of Individual and Team Sports, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
2
Department of Physiology and Biomechanics, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7550; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137550 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 4 June 2025 / Revised: 27 June 2025 / Accepted: 30 June 2025 / Published: 4 July 2025

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in elite youth soccer players using a novel multidomain correlational mapping approach. A four-week HIIT intervention was applied in a randomized controlled design, with physiological, cognitive, and neuromuscular data collected through laboratory, field-based, and biochemical tests. Metrics such as VO2max, BDNF levels, lactate dynamics, and cognitive load were analyzed across time points and groups. HIIT elicited statistically significant improvements in aerobic capacity, buffering efficiency, and perceptual-cognitive function, with a notable emergence of cross-domain associations. Unlike the control group, HIIT participants showed strengthened correlations between metabolic, cognitive, and neuromuscular indices, such as lactate slope with exertion perception and BDNF response with cardiac recovery. Hierarchical clustering further revealed tightly integrated multidomain clusters in the HIIT group, absent in the controls, suggesting a reorganization of physiological networks. These findings support the concept that HIIT not only improves discrete capacities but fosters systemic adaptation through enhanced inter-domain coordination. These results align with emerging frameworks in network physiology and highlight the potential for using correlation structures as biomarkers of holistic training adaptation. This multidimensional perspective offers new insights into how targeted training reshapes performance-related systems and may inform individualized athletic programming.
Keywords: high-intensity interval training; cognitive load; multidomain integration; youth soccer; BDNF; psychomotor performance high-intensity interval training; cognitive load; multidomain integration; youth soccer; BDNF; psychomotor performance

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Gnanasigamani, M.; Kaczmarek, A.; Nosal, J.; Murawska-Ciałowicz, E.; Chmura, P. Multidomain Connectivity as a Marker of HIIT-Induced Adaptation in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Correlational Mapping Approach. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7550. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137550

AMA Style

Gnanasigamani M, Kaczmarek A, Nosal J, Murawska-Ciałowicz E, Chmura P. Multidomain Connectivity as a Marker of HIIT-Induced Adaptation in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Correlational Mapping Approach. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(13):7550. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137550

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gnanasigamani, Moses, Agnieszka Kaczmarek, Jarosław Nosal, Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz, and Paweł Chmura. 2025. "Multidomain Connectivity as a Marker of HIIT-Induced Adaptation in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Correlational Mapping Approach" Applied Sciences 15, no. 13: 7550. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137550

APA Style

Gnanasigamani, M., Kaczmarek, A., Nosal, J., Murawska-Ciałowicz, E., & Chmura, P. (2025). Multidomain Connectivity as a Marker of HIIT-Induced Adaptation in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Correlational Mapping Approach. Applied Sciences, 15(13), 7550. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137550

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