The Structure Research and Design for Beam Steering and Adjustment in Golay3 Sparse-Aperture Imaging System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Requirements for Overall Structure and Beam Adjustment Accuracy of the Golay3 System
2.1. Structure and the Optical Path of the Golay3 System
2.2. Theoretical Analyses and Numerical Calculation of the Cophasing Errors
3. Design of Beam Steering and Adjustment Structure
3.1. Structure Design Scheme
3.2. Analysis of Beam Adjustment Capability
3.2.1. Piston Error Correction Simulation
3.2.2. Tilt Error Correction Simulation
4. Alignment Experiment
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Meinel, A.B. Aperture Synthesis Using Independent Telescopes. Appl. Opt. 1970, 9, 2501. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- An, Q.; Wu, X.; Lin, X.; Ming, M.; Wang, J.; Chen, T.; Zhang, J.; Li, H.; Chen, L.; Tang, J.; et al. Large segmented sparse aperture collimation by curvature sensing. Opt. Express 2020, 28, 40176–40187. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Golay, M.J.E. Point Arrays Having Compact, Nonredundant Autocorrelations. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1971, 61, 272–273. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McCray, W.P. What Makes a Failure? Designing a New National Telescope. Appl. Opt. 2001, 42, 265–291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fender, J.S.; Carreras, R.A. Demonstration of an Optically Phased Telescope Array. Opt. Eng. 1988, 27, 279706. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Smith, E.H.; De Leon, E.; Dean, P.; Deloumi, J.; Duncan, A.; Hoskins, W.; Kendrick, R.; Mason, J.; Page, J.; Phenis, A.; et al. Multiple instrument distributed aperture sensor (MIDAS) testbed. Proc. SPIE 2005, 9, 58821F1–58821F13. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pitman, J.T.; Duncan, A.; Stubbs, D.; Sigler, R.D.; Kendrick, R.L.; Smith, E.H.; Mason, J.E.; Delory, G.; Lipps, J.H.; Manga, M.; et al. Remote sensing space science enabled by the multiple instrument distributed aperture sensor (MIDAS) concept. Proc. SPIE 2004, 5555, 301–311. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salvaggio, P.S.; Schott, J.R.; McKeown, D.M. Genetic apertures: An improved sparse aperture design framework. Appl. Opt. 2016, 55, 3182–3191. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Salvaggio, P.S.; Schott, J.R.; McKeown, D.M. Laboratory validation of a sparse aperture image quality model. Appl. Opt. 2015, 8617, 861708-1–861708-11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salvaggio, P.S. Image quality modeling and optimization for Nonconventional Aperture Imaging Systems. Ph.D. Thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, UK, 2016. [Google Scholar]
- Zhang, L.; Liu, M.; Zhao, Y.; Dong, L.; Li, X.; Du, H. The optimal design of a binaural sparse-aperture system. Results Phys. 2020, 16, 102970. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jiang, A.; Wang, S.; Dong, Z.; Xue, J.; Wang, J.; Dai, Y. Wide-band white light sparse-aperture Fizeau imaging interferometer testbed for a distributed small-satellites constellation. Appl. Opt. 2018, 57, 2736–2746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jiang, A.; Dong, Z.; Xue, J.; Dai, Y.; Wang, S.; Wang, J. Detection and closed-loop control of piston errors for a Fizeau imaging interferometer. Appl. Opt. 2020, 59, 3892–3900. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Miller, N.J.; Dierking, M.P.; Duncan, B.D. Optical sparse aperture imaging. Appl. Opt. 2007, 46, 5933–5943. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wu, Q.; Fan, J.; Wu, F.; Zhao, J.; Qian, L. Error analysis of the Golay3 optical imaging system. Appl. Opt. 2013, 52, 2966–2973. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ma, X.; Xie, Z.; Ma, H.; Xu, Y.; Ren, G.; Liu, Y. Piston sensing of sparse aperture systems with a single broadband image via deep learning. Opt. Express 2019, 27, 16058–16070. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, D.; Han, J.; Liu, H.; Tao, S.; Fu, X.; Guo, H. Experimental study on imaging and image restoration of optical sparse aperture systems. Opt. Eng. 2007, 46, 103201–103208. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hui, M.; Li, X.; Zhang, H.; Liu, M.; Dong, L.; Kong, L.; Zhao, Y. Image restoration of optical sparse aperture systems based on a dual target network. Results Phys. 2020, 19, 103429–103441. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Doyle, K.B. Design of optical structures for maximum fundamental frequency. Proc. SPIE 1993, 1998, 50–59. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xie, Z.; Ma, H.; Qi, B.; Ren, G.; Shi, J.; He, X.; Tan, Y.; Dong, L.; Wang, Z. Experimental demonstration of enhanced resolution of a Golay3 sparse-aperture telescope. Chin. Opt. Lett. 2017, 15, 041101–41104. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
Item | Parameters |
---|---|
Subaperture size | 200 mm |
Equivalent aperture | 570 mm |
Focal length | 6000 mm |
Field of view angle | 0.2° |
FSM mirror | 40 mm |
Point source experiment | Three-beam interference |
Image source experiment | The piston error ≤ 55 nm, The tilt error ≤ 0.25 μrad |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Qian, J.; Wu, X.; Liu, H.; Hua, X.; Tao, Y.; Zhang, R. The Structure Research and Design for Beam Steering and Adjustment in Golay3 Sparse-Aperture Imaging System. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 4003. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12084003
Qian J, Wu X, Liu H, Hua X, Tao Y, Zhang R. The Structure Research and Design for Beam Steering and Adjustment in Golay3 Sparse-Aperture Imaging System. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(8):4003. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12084003
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian, Junhong, Xiaoyan Wu, Hewei Liu, Xiubao Hua, Ye Tao, and Rongzhu Zhang. 2022. "The Structure Research and Design for Beam Steering and Adjustment in Golay3 Sparse-Aperture Imaging System" Applied Sciences 12, no. 8: 4003. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12084003
APA StyleQian, J., Wu, X., Liu, H., Hua, X., Tao, Y., & Zhang, R. (2022). The Structure Research and Design for Beam Steering and Adjustment in Golay3 Sparse-Aperture Imaging System. Applied Sciences, 12(8), 4003. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12084003