Keeping Up with Insect Pollinators in Paris
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Features of the City of Paris and the Selected Green Spaces
2.2. Standardized Sampling Protocol
2.3. Species Traits and Conservation Status
3. Results
3.1. Updated Lists of Bees and Hoverflies in Paris
3.2. Specialist and/or Rare Species and Their Habitats
3.3. Seasonal Distribution of Species
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
ID | Green Space Name | Coordinates | Vegetated Area (m²) | Habitats (%) | Number of Weed Species | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G | S | F | T | |||||
Biodiversity reservoirs with restricted access | ||||||||
JP | Jardin écologique (MNHN) | 48.844°, 2.3614° | 11,610 | 25 | 20 | 0 | 55 | 30 |
MT | Réservoir Montsouris | 48.8247°, 2.3326° | 29,592 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
SV | Jardin Saint-Vincent | 48.8882°, 2.3413° | 2960 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 75 | 25 |
Small ecological parks | ||||||||
AP | Jardin Abbé-Pierre | 48.8289°, 2.3803° | 11,321 | 37 | 52 | 0 | 11 | 22 |
PE | Jardin Pierre Emmanuel | 48.8587°, 2.3989° | 5539 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 84 | 29 |
Biodiversity refuges within large parks | ||||||||
BL | Parc de Belleville | 48.8714°, 2.385° | 37,509 | 14 | 18 | 4 | 64 | 22 |
BR | Parc de Bercy | 48.8358°, 2.3827° | 116,102 | 27 | 14 | 4 | 55 | 23 |
CT | Parc André Citroen | 48.8419°, 2.2746° | 77,651 | 34 | 22 | 2 | 42 | 30 |
MC | Parc Monceau | 48.8791°, 2.3091° | 72,209 | 32 | 14 | 1 | 53 | 28 |
Classical gardens | ||||||||
BS | Parc Georges Brassens | 48.8315°, 2.2996° | 53,951 | 24 | 18 | 1 | 57 | 21 |
LB | Jardin Catherine Labouré | 48.8513°, 2.3208° | 4961 | 57 | 21 | 5 | 17 | 10 |
VL | Jardin Villemin | 48.875°, 2.3611° | 14,702 | 34 | 19 | 6 | 41 | 9 |
Species | AP | BL | BR | BS | CT | JP | LB | MC | MT | PE | SV | VL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COLEOPTERA | ||||||||||||
Cetonia aurata (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Oedemera nobilis (Scopoli 1763) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 10 | ||||||||
Trichius fasciatus (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
DIPTERA (Bombyliidae) | ||||||||||||
Bombylius discolor (Mikan 1796) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Bombylius major (Linnaeus 1758) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | ||||||
Villa hottentotta (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||
LEPIDOPTERA | ||||||||||||
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Cacyreus marshalli (Butler 1898) | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 2 | |||||
Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus 1767) | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasiommata maera (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasiommata megera (Linnaeus 1767) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||
Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus 1761) | 1 | |||||||||||
Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus 1758) | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
Pieris rapae (Linnaeus 1758) | 2 | 10 | 6 | 18 | 3 | 11 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 5 |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg 1775) | 1 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 2 | |||||||
Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus 1758) | 1 | |||||||||||
Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus 1758) | 2 | 1 |
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Species | Resources | AP | BL | BR | BS | CT | JP | LB | MC | MT | PE | SV | VL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANDRENIDAE | |||||||||||||
Andrena bicolor (Fabricius 1775) | Poly. | 2 | 12 | 13 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||||
Andrena carantonica (Pérez 1902) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Andrena chrysosceles (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Andrena cineraria (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Andrena dorsata (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | ||
Andrena flavipes (Panzer 1799) | Poly. | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 10 | ||||
Andrena florea (Fabricius 1793) | Oligo. | 10 | |||||||||||
Andrena gravida (Imhoff 1832) | Poly. | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||
Andrena haemorrhoa (Fabricius 1781) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Andrena lagopus (Latreille 1809) | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Andrena minutula (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 9 | 10 | 39 | 7 | 22 | 24 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
Andrena minutuloides (Perkins 1914) | Poly. | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | |||||||
Andrena nigroaenea (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Andrena nitida (Müller 1776) | Poly. | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||
Andrena ovatula (Kirby 1802) 2 | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Andrena propinqua (Schenck 1853) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Andrena proxima (Kirby 1802) | Oligo. | 5 | |||||||||||
Andrena pusilla (Pérez 1903) | Poly. | 7 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Andrena rufula (Schmiedeknecht 1883) | Poly. | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Andrena strohmella (Stoeckhert 1928) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Andrena subopaca (Nylander 1848) | Poly. | 2 | |||||||||||
Andrena tenuistriata (Pérez 1895) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Andrena ventralis (Imhoff 1832) 1 | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Andrena viridescens (Viereck 1916) | Oligo. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Panurgus dentipes (Latreille 1811) | Oligo. | 2 | 3 | 6 | 4 | ||||||||
APIDAE | |||||||||||||
Anthophora plumipes (Pallas 1772) | Poly. | 22 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | |||
Anthophora quadrimaculata (Panzer 1789) | Poly. | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||
Apis mellifera (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 47 | 126 | 154 | 158 | 47 | 159 | 143 | 172 | 24 | 43 | 19 | 76 |
Bombus hortorum (Linnaeus 1761) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Bombus hypnorum (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||||
Bombus lucorum (Linnaeus 1760) | Poly. | 6 | 9 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli 1763) | Poly. | 19 | 123 | 41 | 41 | 25 | 27 | 48 | 66 | 3 | 27 | 26 | 95 |
Bombus pratorum (Linnaeus 1760) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 17 | 16 | 20 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 2 | 6 | |
Bombus vestalis (Geoffroy in Fourcroy 1785) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 3 | |||||||
Nomada bifasciata (Olivier 1811) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Nomada discrepans (Schmiedeknecht 1882) 1 | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Nomada distinguenda (Morawitz 1874) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nomada fabriciana (Linnaeus 1767) | Clepto. | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Nomada ferruginata (Linnaeus 1767) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Nomada flava (Panzer 1798) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nomada flavoguttata (Kirby 1802) | Clepto. | 2 | 4 | 45 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | |||||
Nomada fulvicornis (Fabricius 1793) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nomada goodeniana (Kirby 1802) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Nomada lathburiana (Kirby 1802) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nomada succincta (Panzer 1798) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nomada zonata (Panzer 1798) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||
Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 1 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 1 | |||||||
COLLETIDAE | |||||||||||||
Colletes cunicularius (Linnaeus 1761) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Colletes daviesanus (Smith 1846) | Oligo. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Colletes hederae (Schmidt & Westrich 1993) | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Colletes marginatus (Smith 1846) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Colletes similis (Schenck 1853) | Oligo. | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
Hylaeus brevicornis (Nylander 1852) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Hylaeus communis (Nylander 1852) | Poly. | 2 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 9 | ||
Hylaeus gredleri (Förster 1871) | NA | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Hylaeus hyalinatus (Smith 1842) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||
Hylaeus incongruus (Förster 1871) 1 | Poly. | 3 | |||||||||||
Hylaeus pictipes (Nylander 1852) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Hylaeus punctatus (Brullé 1832) | Poly. | 2 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | ||
Hylaeus signatus (Panzer 1798) | Oligo. | 18 | |||||||||||
Hylaeus variegatus (Fabricius 1798) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
HALICTIDAE | |||||||||||||
Halictus langobardicus (Blüthgen 1944) | NA | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||
Halictus maculatus (Smith 1848) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Halictus scabiosae (Rossi 1790) | Poly. | 2 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 14 | 2 | ||||
Halictus simplex (Blüthgen 1923) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||||||
Halictus subauratus (Rossi 1792) | Poly. | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||
Halictus tumulorum (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 13 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 5 | 43 | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||
Lasioglossum bluethgeni (Ebmer 1971) 1 | Poly. | 2 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum calceatum (Scopoli 1763) | Poly. | 1 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | ||
Lasioglossum cupromicans (Pérez 1903) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum fulvicorne (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Lasioglossum glabriusculum (Morawitz 1872) | Poly. | 2 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 59 | |||||||
Lasioglossum griseolum (Morawitz 1872) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum laticeps (Schenk 1868) | Poly. | 9 | 13 | 7 | 22 | 7 | 30 | 10 | 7 | 58 | 11 | 4 | 1 |
Lasioglossum leucozonium (Schrank 1781) | Oligo. | 7 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 17 | 3 | 1 | |||||
Lasioglossum limbellum (Morawitz 1876) 1 | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||
Lasioglossum malachurum (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 10 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | |
Lasioglossum marginatum (Brullé 1832) | Poly. | 2 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum minutissimum (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | |||||
Lasioglossum morio (Fabricius 1793) | Poly. | 62 | 39 | 34 | 18 | 8 | 59 | 21 | 24 | 26 | 15 | 20 | 1 |
Lasioglossum nitidulum (Fabricius 1804) | Poly. | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 19 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 3 | 1 | ||
Lasioglossum pallens (Brullé 1832) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Lasioglossum pauxillum (Schenck 1853) | Poly. | 1 | 41 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4 | ||
Lasioglossum politum (Schenck 1853) | Poly. | 2 | 26 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Lasioglossum pygmaeum (Schenck 1853) 1,2 | Poly. | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Lasioglossum sabulosum (Morawitz 1891) 1,2 | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum subhirtum (Lepeletier 1841) | Poly. | 1 | |||||||||||
Lasioglossum villosulum (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 13 | 16 | 6 | 4 | 73 | 8 | 1 | 46 | 23 | 9 | 4 | 11 |
Sphecodes crassus (Thomson 1870) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Sphecodes ephippius (Linnaeus 1767) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Sphecodes ferruginatus (Hagens 1882) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Sphecodes gibbus (Linnaeus 1758) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Sphecodes niger (Hagens 1874) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Sphecodes pseudofasciatus (Blüthgen 1925) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
Sphecodes puncticeps (Thomson 1870) | Clepto. | 1 | |||||||||||
MEGACHILIDAE | |||||||||||||
Anthidiellum strigatum (Panzer 1805) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 9 | 30 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Anthidium septemspinosum (Lepeletier 1841) | Poly. | 12 | 6 | 4 | 17 | 1 | 9 | 4 | |||||
Chelostoma campanularum (Kirby 1802) | Oligo. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Chelostoma rapunculi (Lepeletier 1841) | Oligo. | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||
Coelioxys inermis (Kirby 1802) | Clepto. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Heriades crenulata (Nylander 1856) | Oligo. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Heriades truncorum (Linnaeus 1758) | Oligo. | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | ||||||
Hoplitis adunca (Panzer 1798) | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Megachile centuncularis (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 4 | 18 | 2 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 5 | |
Megachile ericetorum (Lepeletier 1841) | Oligo. | 2 | |||||||||||
Megachile lagopoda (Linnaeus 1760) | Poly. | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Megachile maritima (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Megachile rotundata (Fabricius 1793) | Poly. | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1 | |||||
Megachile willughbiella (Kirby 1802) | Poly. | 7 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 17 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 20 | 10 | |
Osmia bicornis (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 1 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | |
Osmia caerulescens (Linnaeus 1758) | Poly. | 1 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||
Osmia cornuta (Latreille 1805) | Poly. | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Pseudoanthidium nanum (Mocsáry 1881) | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Stelis punctulatissima (Kirby 1802) | Clepto. | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
MELITTIDAE | |||||||||||||
Macropis europaea (Warncke 1973) | Oligo. | 1 | |||||||||||
Melitta leporina (Panzer 1799) | Oligo. | 3 | |||||||||||
TOTAL (wild bee individuals) | 192 | 477 | 316 | 242 | 278 | 383 | 172 | 342 | 288 | 176 | 85 | 191 | |
TOTAL (wild bee species) | 35 | 57 | 47 | 38 | 50 | 59 | 39 | 52 | 39 | 44 | 18 | 33 |
Species | Feeding | AP | BL | BR | BS | CT | JP | LB | MC | MT | PE | SV | VL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cheilosia grossa (Fallén 1817) | H. | 1 | |||||||||||
Cheilosia sp. | H. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Dasysyrphus albostriatus (Fallén 1817) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Epistrophe eligans (Harris 1780) | P. | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
Epistrophe nitidicollis (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer 1776) | P. | 4 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 10 | 16 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 6 |
Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus 1758) | M. | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Eristalis similis (Fallén 1817) 1 | M./S. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus 1758) | M. | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Eumerus amoenus (Loew 1848) 1 | H./M. | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Eumerus funeralis (Meigen 1822) | H./M. | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
Eupeodes corollae (Fabricius 1794) | P. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||||
Eupeodes luniger (Meigen 1822) | P. | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | |
Eupeodes sp. | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Helophilus pendulus (Linnaeus 1758) | M. | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus 1758) | H./P. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius 1794) | H./P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Meliscaeva auricollis (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
Merodon equestris (Fabricius 1794) | H./M. | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||
Myathropa florea (Linnaeus 1758) | M./S. | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Neoascia podagrica (Fabricius 1775) | M. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Neocnemodon vitripennis (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Paragus haemorrhous (Meigen 1822) 1 | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Paragus pecchiolii (Rondani 1857) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Pipiza festiva (Meigen 1822) 1 | P. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Pipizella sp. | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||||
Platycheirus sticticus (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Scaeva pyrastri (Linnaeus 1758) | P. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Sphaerophoria rueppelli (Wiedemann 1830) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus 1758) | P. | 3 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 2 | |
Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus 1758) | M. | 16 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 12 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 2 | |||
Syrphus rectus (Osten-Sacken 1877) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus 1758) | P. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Syrphus vitripennis (Meigen 1822) | P. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Volucella zonaria (Poda 1761) | P./M. | 2 | |||||||||||
Xanthogramma dives (Rondani 1857) | P. | 1 | |||||||||||
TOTAL (hoverfly individuals) | 32 | 46 | 23 | 34 | 33 | 30 | 35 | 48 | 22 | 40 | 25 | 26 | |
TOTAL (hoverfly species) | 11 | 15 | 10 | 17 | 11 | 15 | 9 | 11 | 6 | 14 | 9 | 12 |
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Zaninotto, V.; Dajoz, I. Keeping Up with Insect Pollinators in Paris. Animals 2022, 12, 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12070923
Zaninotto V, Dajoz I. Keeping Up with Insect Pollinators in Paris. Animals. 2022; 12(7):923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12070923
Chicago/Turabian StyleZaninotto, Vincent, and Isabelle Dajoz. 2022. "Keeping Up with Insect Pollinators in Paris" Animals 12, no. 7: 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12070923
APA StyleZaninotto, V., & Dajoz, I. (2022). Keeping Up with Insect Pollinators in Paris. Animals, 12(7), 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12070923