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Microorganisms
Volume 13
Issue 6
10.3390/microorganisms13061225
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Alleviating Overgrazing Stress and Promoting Grassland Plant Regeneration via Root Exudate-Mediated Recruitment of Beneficial Bacteria

by
Ting Yuan
1,†,
Jiatao Zhang
1,†,
Shaohong Zhang
1,
Shuang Liang
1,
Changhong Zhu
2,
Weibo Ren
1,* and
Jialu Liang
1
1
Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, and the Candidate State Key Laboratory of Ministry of Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, China
2
National Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation, Hohhot 010070, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2025, 13(6), 1225; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061225
Submission received: 5 April 2025 / Revised: 26 May 2025 / Accepted: 26 May 2025 / Published: 27 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Communication in Plant–Microbe Beneficial Interactions Between Plants and Rhizosphere Microorganisms)
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Abstract

Overgrazing (OG) is an important driver of grassland ecosystem degradation and productivity decline. Plants may effectively cope with OG stress by regulating their synergistic interactions with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) through root exudates. However, the synergistic regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Under OG stress, Leymus chinensis recruited the specific PGPR strain Paraburkholderia graminis (B24) by regulating specific root exudate compounds, including amino acids, alkaloids, and organic acids, which enhance B24 chemotaxis and biofilm formation. The B24 inoculation systematically regulated the transcription of key plant growth and development genes, including those involved in nutrient transport and cell wall expansion, which enhanced nutrient uptake and promoted the overall growth of L. chinensis. Furthermore, B24 regulated the homeostasis of endogenous L. chinensis through the synergistic effects of hormones and the trade-off between growth and defense. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that B24 regulation enhanced carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and energy supply after mowing, forming a holistic adaptive mechanism that enabled L. chinensis to effectively recover from mowing-induced stress, thereby improving its adaptability and regenerative capacity. This study provides a scientific basis and support for elucidating the response mechanisms of how grassland plants cope with OG stress, optimizing grassland management, and rapidly restoring and enhancing grassland productivity.
Keywords: overgrazing; Leymus chinensis; plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR); Paraburkholderia graminis; root exudate; multi-omics analysis overgrazing; Leymus chinensis; plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR); Paraburkholderia graminis; root exudate; multi-omics analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Yuan, T.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Liang, S.; Zhu, C.; Ren, W.; Liang, J. Alleviating Overgrazing Stress and Promoting Grassland Plant Regeneration via Root Exudate-Mediated Recruitment of Beneficial Bacteria. Microorganisms 2025, 13, 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061225

AMA Style

Yuan T, Zhang J, Zhang S, Liang S, Zhu C, Ren W, Liang J. Alleviating Overgrazing Stress and Promoting Grassland Plant Regeneration via Root Exudate-Mediated Recruitment of Beneficial Bacteria. Microorganisms. 2025; 13(6):1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061225

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuan, Ting, Jiatao Zhang, Shaohong Zhang, Shuang Liang, Changhong Zhu, Weibo Ren, and Jialu Liang. 2025. "Alleviating Overgrazing Stress and Promoting Grassland Plant Regeneration via Root Exudate-Mediated Recruitment of Beneficial Bacteria" Microorganisms 13, no. 6: 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061225

APA Style

Yuan, T., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Liang, S., Zhu, C., Ren, W., & Liang, J. (2025). Alleviating Overgrazing Stress and Promoting Grassland Plant Regeneration via Root Exudate-Mediated Recruitment of Beneficial Bacteria. Microorganisms, 13(6), 1225. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061225

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