Galaxies, Volume 12, Issue 6

Separating stars enriched in the s- and r-processes of nucleosynthesis is usually achieved by analyzing the element ratios of s-process elements (like Ba or La) to r-process elements (like Eu). The situation becomes more complex when analyzing CEMP-r...

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are the ejected gas and dust shells of evolved low- and intermediate-mass stars (LIMSs). We present an abundance comparison between PNe and their progenitors to reveal their similarities and differences since such a comparison...

Our understanding of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis is limited by the uncertainties coming from the complex multi-dimensional processes in stellar interiors, such as convection and nuclear burning. Three-dimensional stellar models can improve...

The investigation of exoplanetary habitability is integral to advancing our knowledge of extraterrestrial life potential and detailing the environmental conditions of distant worlds. In this analysis, we explore the properties of exoplanets situated...

The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase, experienced by low- and intermediate-mass stars (LIMSs), plays a crucial role in galaxies due to its significant dust production. Planetary nebulae (PNe) offer a novel perspective, providing valuable insights...

As the smallest member of the fullerene family, ${\mathrm{C}}_{20}$ is yet to be discovered in planetary nebulae. In this work, we present a quantum chemical study via density functional theory (DFT) and partially by the MP2 on the ionization tolerance of this molec...

We present a brief review of the formation and evolution of hydrogen-deficient central stars of planetary nebulae. We include a detailed description of the main observable features of both the central stars and their surrounding nebulae and review th...

We present the first hydrodynamical simulations of common envelope evolution that include the formation of dust and the effect of radiation pressure on dust grains. We performed smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of the CE evolution for two...

Using the atmospheric pulsation code written by George Bowen, we have performed a parameter study examining the effects of modifying various parameters of models of oxygen-rich AGB atmospheres pulsating in the fundamental and first-overtone modes. Fo...

Around 50 years ago, the famous bet between Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne on whether Cyg X-1 hosts a stellar-mass black hole became a well-known story in the history of black hole science. Today, Cyg X-1 is widely recognised as hosting a stellar-mas...

²²Ne(α, γ)²⁶Mg is pivotal in the understanding of several open astrophysical questions, as the nucleosynthesis beyond Fe through the s-process, but its stellar reaction rate is still subject to large uncertainties. These mainly arise from...

The Torsion-Bar Antenna (TOBA) is a torsion pendulum-based gravitational detector developed to observe gravitational waves in frequencies between 1 mHz and 10 Hz. The low resonant frequency of the torsion pendulum enables observation in this frequenc...

The development of multimessenger astrophysics allows us to probe various background particles from the distant early universe. Up to now, much effort has been made researching the emission and radiation of diverse steady or transient astrophysical s...

The Gaia DR3 GSP-spec/TESS (GST) catalog combines asteroseismic data from NASA’s TESS mission with spectroscopic data from ESA’s Gaia mission, and contains about 116,000 Red Clump and Red Giant Branch stars, surpassing previous datasets i...

The classification of variable stars is essential for understanding stellar evolution and dynamics. With the growing volume of light curve data from extensive surveys, there is a need for automated and accurate classification methods. Traditional met...

We introduce succinct and objective definitions of the various classes of objects in the solar system. Unlike the formal definitions adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2006, group separation is obtained from measured physical properti...

We observed high-resolution optical spectra of 11 RV Tauri stars without IR excess, with the primary goal of searching for chemical depletion patterns. Using equivalent widths of absorption lines, we calculated the photospheric parameters and chemica...

The conditions in Mira variable atmospheres make them wonderful laboratories to study a variety of stellar physics such as molecule–grain formation, dust production, shock chemistry, stellar winds, mass loss, opacity-driven pulsation, and shock...

In recent years, several laboratory studies of CNO cycle-related nuclear reactions have been carried out. Nevertheless, extant models of stellar nucleosynthesis still adopt CNO reaction rates reported in old compilations, such as NACRE or CF88. In or...

Stellar evolution models serve as tools to derive stellar parameters from elemental and isotopic abundance ratios. For low-to-intermediate mass evolved stars, C/O, ¹²C/¹³C, and ¹⁷O/¹⁸O ratios are proxies of the initial mass, a largely unknown paramet...

In order to test the efficacy of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) as cosmological probes, we characterize the scatter in the correlations between six pairs of GRB observables. However, some of these observables depend on the luminosity distance, for which one...

The ²²$\mathrm{Ne}$$(\alpha ,\mathrm{n})$²⁵$\mathrm{Mg}$ reaction is of major importance in nuclear astrophysics. It is the main neutron source for the weak s-process and as such is responsible for the nucleosynthesis of 60 < A < 90 elements. In addition, it provides a strong...

Recently, Marigo et al, identified a kink in the initial-final mass relation around initial masses of $M_{ini}\approx 1.65-2.10$$M_{\odot }$, based on Gaia DR2 and EDR3 data for white dwarfs in open clusters aged 1.5–2.5 Gyr. Notably, the white dwa...