Investigation and Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature and Precipitation of the Southern Caspian Sea Using Wavelet Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
3. Wavelet
3.1. Wavelet Discrete Transformation
3.2. Multistage Decomposition
3.3. Choosing the Proposed Filter Using the Wavelet Function
4. Wave Reconstruction
5. Results
5.1. Decomposition of Climate Data Time Series
5.1.1. Decomposition of SST Data
5.1.2. Decomposition of Precipitation Data
5.2. Wavelet Function Selection for Use with the Suggested Filter
5.3. Wavelet Analysis
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Reconstruction Maximum Error | SST JJA | SST DJF | Prec JJA | Prec DJF |
---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 | ||||
Level 2 | ||||
Level 3 |
Wavelet Function | Coefficients | Energy (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SST (JJA) | SST (DJF) | Prec (JJA) | Prec (DJF) | ||
sym3 | 6 | 96.22 | 91.34 | 95.23 | 90.59 |
sym4 | 8 | 95.31 | 92.29 | 94.76 | 91.50 |
sym5 | 10 | 96.45 | 93.31 | 95.46 | 92.00 |
sym6 | 12 | 96.37 | 93.49 | 95.76 | 92.43 |
coif1 | 6 | 95.72 | 90.52 | 94.85 | 89.85 |
coif2 | 12 | 97.81 | 93.72 | 95.44 | 92.65 |
coif3 | 18 | 97.92 | 95.43 | 96.01 | 93.71 |
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Molavi-Arabshahi, M.; Azizpour, J.; Nikan, O.; Naderi Beni, A.; Lopes, A.M. Investigation and Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature and Precipitation of the Southern Caspian Sea Using Wavelet Analysis. Axioms 2023, 12, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12010010
Molavi-Arabshahi M, Azizpour J, Nikan O, Naderi Beni A, Lopes AM. Investigation and Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature and Precipitation of the Southern Caspian Sea Using Wavelet Analysis. Axioms. 2023; 12(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12010010
Chicago/Turabian StyleMolavi-Arabshahi, Mahboubeh, Jafar Azizpour, Omid Nikan, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, and António M. Lopes. 2023. "Investigation and Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature and Precipitation of the Southern Caspian Sea Using Wavelet Analysis" Axioms 12, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12010010