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Volume 16
Issue 5
10.3390/genes16050567
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Article

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Petalocephala arcuata Cai Et Kuoh, 1992 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae: Petalocephalini) and Its Phylogenetic Implications

by
Yujian Li
†,
Yihong Guo
†,
Ran Li
,
Yongcheng Liu
,
Chao Xue
,
Lina Jiang
,
Sai Jiang
,
Wei Wang
and
Xianfeng Yi
*
School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Genes 2025, 16(5), 567; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050567 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 3 April 2025 / Revised: 5 May 2025 / Accepted: 7 May 2025 / Published: 10 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Evolution, Mitochondrial Genomics and Mitochondrial Genome Expression in Animals: 2024–2025)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Aims: Ledrinae comprises about 460 described species across five tribes and represents an early-branching, morphologically distinctive lineage of leafhoppers, yet its intra-subfamilial relationships remain ambiguous owing to limited mitogenomic sampling. Here, we sequence and annotate the complete mitochondrial genome of Petalocephala arcuata—only the 18th Ledrinae mitogenome—to broaden taxon coverage within the genus and furnish critical molecular data for rigorously testing Ledrinae monophyly and refining tribal and genus level phylogenetic hypotheses. Methods: In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of P. arcuata via Illumina sequencing and de novo assembly, and reconstructed the phylogeny of 62 Cicadellidae species using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. Results: The 14,491 bp circular mitogenome of P. arcuata contains 37 genes with 77.4% A+T. All PCGs use ATN start codons except ND5 (TTG), and codon usage is A or U biased. Of 22 tRNAs, only trnS1 lacks a DHU arm, while the others adopt the canonical cloverleaf structure. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses produced broadly congruent topologies with mostly high nodal support, recovering Ledrinae as monophyletic and clustering all Petalocephala species into a well‑supported clade. Conclusions: In this study, we enriched the molecular resources for the genus Petalocephala by sequencing, annotating, and analyzing the complete mitochondrial genome of P. arcuata. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on these genomic data align closely with previous morphological diagnoses, further confirming the monophyly of the genus Petalocephala.
Keywords: mitochondrial genome; Petalocephala arcuata; phylogenetic analysis; Cicadellidae mitochondrial genome; Petalocephala arcuata; phylogenetic analysis; Cicadellidae

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, Y.; Guo, Y.; Li, R.; Liu, Y.; Xue, C.; Jiang, L.; Jiang, S.; Wang, W.; Yi, X. The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Petalocephala arcuata Cai Et Kuoh, 1992 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae: Petalocephalini) and Its Phylogenetic Implications. Genes 2025, 16, 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050567

AMA Style

Li Y, Guo Y, Li R, Liu Y, Xue C, Jiang L, Jiang S, Wang W, Yi X. The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Petalocephala arcuata Cai Et Kuoh, 1992 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae: Petalocephalini) and Its Phylogenetic Implications. Genes. 2025; 16(5):567. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050567

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Yujian, Yihong Guo, Ran Li, Yongcheng Liu, Chao Xue, Lina Jiang, Sai Jiang, Wei Wang, and Xianfeng Yi. 2025. "The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Petalocephala arcuata Cai Et Kuoh, 1992 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae: Petalocephalini) and Its Phylogenetic Implications" Genes 16, no. 5: 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050567

APA Style

Li, Y., Guo, Y., Li, R., Liu, Y., Xue, C., Jiang, L., Jiang, S., Wang, W., & Yi, X. (2025). The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Petalocephala arcuata Cai Et Kuoh, 1992 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae: Petalocephalini) and Its Phylogenetic Implications. Genes, 16(5), 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16050567

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