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Crystals, Volume 14, Issue 9

September 2024 - 81 articles

Cover Story: This study addresses this gap by conducting a comprehensive investigation of potential catalysts for nitrogen electro-reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions. Using density functional theory calculations, we explore the (110) facets of rock salt structures across 11 transition metal carbides. Catalytic activity is evaluated through the construction of free energy diagrams for associative, dissociative, and Mars–van Krevelen reaction mechanisms. Additionally, we assess material stability against electrochemical poisoning and decomposition of parent metals during operation. Our findings suggest that a few of the candidates are promising for nitrogen reduction reactions, such as TaC and WC, with moderate onset potentials (−0.66 V and −0.82 V vs. RHE) under ambient conditions. View this paper
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Articles (81)

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,312 Views
16 Pages

23 September 2024

This paper investigates TiN for its potential to enhance light-harvesting efficiency as an alternative material to Au for nanoscale plasmonic light trapping in thin-film solar cells. Using nanosphere lithography (NSL), plasmonic arrays of both Au and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,282 Views
13 Pages

22 September 2024

In this study, we investigated the effect of grain size of an initial microstructure (pearlite + ferrite) on a resulting microstructure of induction-hardened microalloyed steel 38MnVS6, which is one topical medium carbon vanadium microalloyed non-que...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,824 Views
17 Pages

General Properties of Conventional and High-Temperature Superconductors

  • Vasily R. Shaginyan,
  • Alfred Z. Msezane and
  • Stanislav A. Artamonov

21 September 2024

In our review, we analyze the scaling of the condensation energy EΔ divided by γ, EΔ/γ≃N(0)Δ12/γ, and quasiparticles of both conventional and unconventional superconductors, where N(0) is the density of state...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,046 Views
21 Pages

20 September 2024

The largest normal stress excursion during contiguous turn time instants of the maximum torsional stress is presented as an innovative path-independent fatigue damage quantity upon the critical plane, which is further employed for characterizing fati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,490 Views
15 Pages

Effects of Continuous Rolling and Reversible Rolling on 2.4% Si Non-Oriented Silicon Steel

  • Kaixuan Shao,
  • Yuhao Niu,
  • Yinghao Pei,
  • Jialong Qiao,
  • Hongbo Pan and
  • Haijun Wang

20 September 2024

The cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets with a Si content of 2.4 wt.%, produced by continuous and reversible cold rolling, were used as the experimental material. The effects of annealing temperature on the microstructure, texture, and magn...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,424 Views
27 Pages

20 September 2024

Ferroelectric and antiferroelectric smectic liquid crystalline (LC) phases are still at the center of investigations and interests for both their fundamental properties and variety of technological applications. This review aims to report the main co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,241 Views
11 Pages

Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in Thin N-Polar GaN Channels on AlN on Sapphire Templates

  • Markus Pristovsek,
  • Itsuki Furuhashi,
  • Xu Yang,
  • Chengzhi Zhang and
  • Matthew D. Smith

20 September 2024

We report on 2-dimensional electron gases realized in binary N-polar GaN channels on AlN on sapphire templates grown by metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy. The measured sheet carrier density of 3.8×1013 cm−2 is very close to the theo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,351 Views
15 Pages

20 September 2024

In this study, three different substrate holder shapes—trapezoidal, circular frustum, and adjustable cyclic—were designed and optimized to enhance the quality of polycrystalline diamond films grown using microwave plasma chemical vapor de...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,232 Views
26 Pages

20 September 2024

The paper presents a technological approach for obtaining sintered components with tailored electromagnetic features from electromagnetically active powders through the selective recycling of electronic waste, in particular scrap electronic component...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,175 Views
18 Pages

Flow Stress Constitutive Relation of S280 Ultrahigh Strength Stainless Steel

  • Mutong Liu,
  • Xiaochang Xie,
  • Ye Tian,
  • Yuwei Xia,
  • Kelu Wang and
  • Shiqiang Lu

20 September 2024

Isothermal constant-strain-rate compression experiments of S280 ultrahigh-strength stainless steel were conducted at 800–1150 °C, 0.001–10 s−1, and 70% height reduction. The flow stress behaviors were analyzed based on the compr...

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Crystals - ISSN 2073-4352Creative Common CC BY license