Daily Practice Assessment of KRAS Status in NSCLC Patients: A New Challenge for the Thoracic Pathologist Is Right around the Corner
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. KRAS Biology and the Signaling Pathways Induced by KRAS Mutations
3. Epidemiology of KRAS Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
4. Impact of the KRAS Status on the Prognosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients
5. The KRAS G12C Mutation Is a New Target for Promising Therapy in Advanced-Stage or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
6. Resistance Mechanisms Induced in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas by Specific Inhibitors Targeting the KRAS G12C Mutation
7. Impact of KRAS Mutations on the Efficiency of Immunotherapy
8. Biological Samples and Molecular Testing
9. Opportunities and Challenges for the Thoracic Pathologists
9.1. Tracking the False-Negative and False-Positive Results
9.2. Algorithm Testing: How to Be Optimal?
9.3. Should a Liquid Biopsy Be Integrated into KRAS Status Assessment for NS-NSCLC?
9.4. To Be Able to Deliver the Results in a Turnaround Time That Follows International Guidelines
9.5. Sampling and Timing to Detect the Mechanisms of Resistance Associated with Targeted Therapies of KRAS-Mutated Lung Cancers
9.6. Other Challenges
10. Perspectives
11. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Therapeutic Family | ||
---|---|---|
Clinical trial | NTC04165031 | LY3499446 |
NTC0400630 | JNJ-746999157 | |
Pan-KRAS inhibitors | NCT04000529 | TNO155 + ribocicid or + spartalizumab |
NCT04916236 | RMC-4630 + LY3214996 | |
NCT04111458 | BI 1701963 + trametinib | |
NCT03114319 | TNO155 alone | |
NCT04045496 | JAB-3312 | |
Dowstream KRAS inhibitors | NCT03681483 | RO516766 |
NCT03284502 | HM95573 + cobimetinib | |
NCT02974725 | LXH254 + LTT462 | |
NCT04620330 | VS-6766 + defactinib | |
Upstream + downstream KRAS inhibitors | NCT02230553 | Trametinib + lapatinib |
NCT03704688 | Trametinib + poniotinib | |
NCT04967079 | Trametinib + aniotinib | |
Futibatinib + binimetinib |
Challenges |
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Bontoux, C.; Hofman, V.; Brest, P.; Ilié, M.; Mograbi, B.; Hofman, P. Daily Practice Assessment of KRAS Status in NSCLC Patients: A New Challenge for the Thoracic Pathologist Is Right around the Corner. Cancers 2022, 14, 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071628
Bontoux C, Hofman V, Brest P, Ilié M, Mograbi B, Hofman P. Daily Practice Assessment of KRAS Status in NSCLC Patients: A New Challenge for the Thoracic Pathologist Is Right around the Corner. Cancers. 2022; 14(7):1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071628
Chicago/Turabian StyleBontoux, Christophe, Véronique Hofman, Patrick Brest, Marius Ilié, Baharia Mograbi, and Paul Hofman. 2022. "Daily Practice Assessment of KRAS Status in NSCLC Patients: A New Challenge for the Thoracic Pathologist Is Right around the Corner" Cancers 14, no. 7: 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071628