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Article

Sea Clutter Suppression for Shipborne DRM-Based Passive Radar via Carrier Domain STAP

by
Yijia Guo
,
Jun Geng
*,†,
Xun Zhang
and
Haiyu Dong
Research Institute of Electronic Engineering Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(12), 1985; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17121985 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 28 April 2025 / Revised: 29 May 2025 / Accepted: 6 June 2025 / Published: 8 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Array and Signal Processing for Radar)

Abstract

This paper proposes a new carrier domain approach to suppress spreading first-order sea clutter in shipborne passive radar systems using Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) signals as illuminators. The DRM signal is a broadcast signal that operates in the high-frequency (HF) band and employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. In shipborne DRM-based passive radar, sea clutter sidelobes elevate the noise level of the clutter-plus-noise covariance matrix, thereby degrading the target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in traditional space–time adaptive processing (STAP). Moreover, the limited number of space–time snapshots in traditional STAP algorithms further degrades clutter suppression performance. By exploiting the multi-carrier characteristics of OFDM, this paper proposes a novel algorithm, termed Space Time Adaptive Processing by Carrier (STAP-C), to enhance clutter suppression performance. The proposed method improves the clutter suppression performance from two aspects. The first is removing the transmitted symbol information from the space–time snapshots, which significantly reduces the effect of the sea clutter sidelobes. The other is using the space–time snapshots obtained from all subcarriers, which substantially increases the number of available snapshots and thereby improves the clutter suppression performance. In addition, we combine the proposed algorithm with the dimensionality reduction algorithm to develop the Joint Domain Localized-Space Time Adaptive Processing by Carrier (JDL-STAP-C) algorithm. JDL-STAP-C algorithm transforms space–time data into the angle–Doppler domain for clutter suppression, which reduces the computational complexity. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in providing a high improvement factor (IF) and less computational time.
Keywords: clutter suppression; JDL; shipborne DRM-based passive radar; STAP-C clutter suppression; JDL; shipborne DRM-based passive radar; STAP-C

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Guo, Y.; Geng, J.; Zhang, X.; Dong, H. Sea Clutter Suppression for Shipborne DRM-Based Passive Radar via Carrier Domain STAP. Remote Sens. 2025, 17, 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17121985

AMA Style

Guo Y, Geng J, Zhang X, Dong H. Sea Clutter Suppression for Shipborne DRM-Based Passive Radar via Carrier Domain STAP. Remote Sensing. 2025; 17(12):1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17121985

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guo, Yijia, Jun Geng, Xun Zhang, and Haiyu Dong. 2025. "Sea Clutter Suppression for Shipborne DRM-Based Passive Radar via Carrier Domain STAP" Remote Sensing 17, no. 12: 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17121985

APA Style

Guo, Y., Geng, J., Zhang, X., & Dong, H. (2025). Sea Clutter Suppression for Shipborne DRM-Based Passive Radar via Carrier Domain STAP. Remote Sensing, 17(12), 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17121985

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