Mapping the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Fall Armyworm in China by Coupling Multi-Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Multisource Data
2.1.1. Study Area and Distribution Data of FAW
2.1.2. Atmospheric Conditions
2.1.3. Vegetation Data
2.1.4. Environmental Data
2.2. Modeling the Dynamic Spatial Distribution of FAW
2.2.1. Simulation of Numerical Migratory Trajectories of FAW
2.2.2. Extraction of the Phenology of the Main Host Plant Maize
2.2.3. Calculation of Environmental Suitability Using the Eco-physiological Model
3. Results
3.1. Validation of the Results of the Dynamic Spatial Distribution Model of FAW
3.2. Potential Spatio-Temporal and Relative Abundance of FAW
3.3. Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Spatial Distribution of FAW
4. Discussion
4.1. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Process-Based FAW-DDM Framework
4.2. The Influence of Multiple Factors on FAW
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Distance (km) between grid points | 60 |
Layers | 30 |
Map projection | Lambert |
Microphysics scheme | WSM6 |
Longwave radiation scheme | RRTMG |
Shortwave radiation scheme | RRTMG |
Surface layer scheme | Monin-Obukhov |
Land/water surface scheme | Noah |
Planetary boundary layer scheme | YSU |
Cumulus parameterization | Tiedtke |
Forecast time | 72 h |
Parameter | Description | Value | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Minimum temperature threshold | 12.97 °C | [63] | |
Maximum temperature threshold | 39.8 °C | [64,65] | |
Minimum soil moisture threshold | 0.1 m3/m3 | [62] | |
Mortality rate per cold stress | 0.2 | Assumes 36% 3-h mortality at −5 °C [59] | |
Morality rate per heat stress | 0.02 | Assumes 10% daily mortality at 45 °C [59] | |
Morality rate per drought stress | 1.05 | Assumes 10% daily mortality at 0 m3/m3 [59] |
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Huang, Y.; Lv, H.; Dong, Y.; Huang, W.; Hu, G.; Liu, Y.; Chen, H.; Geng, Y.; Bai, J.; Guo, P.; et al. Mapping the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Fall Armyworm in China by Coupling Multi-Factors. Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 4415. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174415
Huang Y, Lv H, Dong Y, Huang W, Hu G, Liu Y, Chen H, Geng Y, Bai J, Guo P, et al. Mapping the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Fall Armyworm in China by Coupling Multi-Factors. Remote Sensing. 2022; 14(17):4415. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174415
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Yanru, Hua Lv, Yingying Dong, Wenjiang Huang, Gao Hu, Yang Liu, Hui Chen, Yun Geng, Jie Bai, Peng Guo, and et al. 2022. "Mapping the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Fall Armyworm in China by Coupling Multi-Factors" Remote Sensing 14, no. 17: 4415. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174415