Parameter Optimization of Spiral Fertilizer Applicator Based on Artificial Neural Network
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structural Design and Working Principle of the Fertilizer Applicator
3. Experimental Design Method
3.1. The Setting of the Simulation Parameters and Construction of the Simulation Platform
3.2. Test Design
3.3. Data Processing
4. Results and Analysis
4.1. Construction of the Prediction Model
4.2. Optimization and Analysis of the Prediction Model
4.3. Verification of the Prediction Model
4.4. Mechanism Analysis of the Fertilizer Applicator
4.4.1. Macroscopic and Mesoscopic Analyses of the Fertilizer Discharge Process
4.4.2. Macroscopic and Mesoscopic Analyses of the Fertilizer Discharging Performances during the Fertilizer Discharge Process
4.4.3. Fertilizer Discharge Process Discussion Based on Force Chains
4.5. Bench Test
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Outer Diameter of Spiral | |
---|---|
Inner diameter of spiral | 30 mm |
Depth of thread | 35 mm |
Average length of thread | 218.92 mm |
Average thickness of thread | 2 mm |
Fertilizer outlet | 80 × 60 mm |
Inlet | 80 × 60 mm |
Length of spiral | 640 mm |
Space between the spiral shell and blade | 5.4 mm |
Attribute | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|
Fertilizer | Poisson ratio | 0.25 |
Shear modulus (Pa) | 2.8 × 107 | |
Density (kg/m3) | 1320 | |
Diameter (mm) | 3.6 | |
PLA material | Poisson ratio | 0.43 |
Shear modulus (Pa) | 1.3 × 109 | |
Density (kg/m3) | 1240 | |
Fertilizer- fertilizer | Restitution coefficient | 0.11 |
Coefficient of static friction | 0.3 | |
Coefficient of rolling friction | 0.1 | |
Fertilizer-PLA material | Restitution coefficient | 0.41 |
Coefficient of static friction | 0.32 | |
Coefficient of rolling friction | 0.18 |
Level | Rotating Speed (rpm) | Blade Diameter (mm) | Pitch (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
−1 | 30 | 90 | 60 |
0 | 40 | 95 | 70 |
1 | 50 | 100 | 80 |
Testing No. | Spiral Speed (rpm) | Blade Diameter (mm) | Pitch (mm) | CV (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24.10 |
2 | −1 | 0 | −1 | 39.16 |
3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 23.61 |
4 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 25.44 |
5 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 38.86 |
6 | −1 | 0 | 1 | 32.00 |
7 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 33.61 |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.77 |
9 | 0 | −1 | −1 | 24.64 |
10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 23.41 |
11 | 1 | 0 | −1 | 22.72 |
12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.32 |
13 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 21.42 |
14 | 0 | −1 | 1 | 22.84 |
15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.21 |
Testing No. | Parameter | CV(%) | Relative Error (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rotating Speed (rpm) | Blade Diameter (mm) | Pitch (mm) | Simulation Value | Prediction Value | ||
1 | 47.6 | 90 | 60 | 19.05 | 21.24 | 2.19 |
2 | 47.6 | 90 | 70 | 19.35 | 21.63 | 2.28 |
3 | 45 | 90 | 60 | 19.15 | 21.57 | 2.42 |
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Zhang, M.; Tang, Y.; Zhang, H.; Lan, H.; Niu, H. Parameter Optimization of Spiral Fertilizer Applicator Based on Artificial Neural Network. Sustainability 2023, 15, 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031744
Zhang M, Tang Y, Zhang H, Lan H, Niu H. Parameter Optimization of Spiral Fertilizer Applicator Based on Artificial Neural Network. Sustainability. 2023; 15(3):1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031744
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Mengqiang, Yurong Tang, Hong Zhang, Haipeng Lan, and Hao Niu. 2023. "Parameter Optimization of Spiral Fertilizer Applicator Based on Artificial Neural Network" Sustainability 15, no. 3: 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031744
APA StyleZhang, M., Tang, Y., Zhang, H., Lan, H., & Niu, H. (2023). Parameter Optimization of Spiral Fertilizer Applicator Based on Artificial Neural Network. Sustainability, 15(3), 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031744