Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainability in Jordanian Context
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Theoretical Models
3.1. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
3.2. Mental Accounting Theory (MAT)
4. Research Model
4.1. Perceived Usefulness (PU)
4.2. Perceived Financial Cost (PFC)
4.3. Perceived Ease of Use (PEU)
5. Research Methodology
6. Data Analysis and Results
6.1. Measurement Model Assessment
6.2. Structural Model Assessment
7. Discussion and Implications
7.1. Discussion
7.1.1. The Effect of Perceived Usefulness on Intention to Use Mobile Payment System
7.1.2. The Effect of Perceived Financial Cost on Intention to Use Mobile Payment System
7.1.3. The Effect of Perceived Ease of Use on Intention to Use Mobile Payment System
7.2. Implications
8. Limitations and Recommendations
9. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Variables | Code | Measurements Items | Sources |
---|---|---|---|
Perceived Usefulness | PU1 | Using the m-payment is useful in my daily life. | Davis [15] |
PU2 | Using the m-payment system increases my productivity. | ||
PU3 | Using the m-payment system saves my time. | ||
PU4 | Using the m-payment system enhances my efficiency. | ||
Perceived Financial Cost | PFC1 | M-payment system service is reasonably priced. | Venkatesh et al. [23] |
PFC2 | M-payment system services are reasonably priced comparing with other systems (e.g., mobile banking systems). | ||
PFC3 | M-payment system services is a good value for the fees. | ||
PFC4 | At the current cost, I think m-payment system will provide a reasonable and good cost. | ||
Perceived Ease of Use | PEU1 | I feel that the m-payment system is easy to use. | Davis [15] |
PEU2 | I feel that the m-payment system is convenient. | ||
PEU3 | Getting the information that I want from the m-payment system is easy. | ||
PEU4 | The m-payment system requires no training. | ||
Mobile Payment Intention | MBI1 | I am planning to use m-payment frequently. | Davis [15], Venkatesh et al. [23] |
MBI2 | I expect that I would use m-payment system in the near future | ||
MBI3 | It would be very likely that I will use m-payment system in the near future | ||
MBI4 | I seriously intend to use m-payment system in the near future |
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Variables | Indicators | Reliability | Validity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicator Reliability | Internal Consistency Reliability | Convergent Validity | Discriminant Validity | |||
Factor Loadings | Cronbach’s Alpha | CR | AVE | HTMT | ||
Loading > 0.70 or >0.40 & Has No Impact on AVE and CR | α ≥ 0.70 | CR ≥ 0.70 | AVE ≥ 0.50 | HTMT < 0.90 | ||
Perceived Usefulness | PU1 | 0.954 | 0.942 | 0.962 | 0.895 | Acceptable |
PU2 | Dropped | |||||
PU3 | 0.945 | |||||
PU4 | 0.940 | |||||
Perceived Financial Cost | PFC1 | 0.936 | 0.941 | 0.958 | 0.850 | Acceptable |
PFC2 | 0.948 | |||||
PFC3 | 0.919 | |||||
PFC4 | 0.883 | |||||
Perceived Ease of Use | PEU1 | Dropped | 0.921 | 0.944 | 0.849 | Acceptable |
PEU2 | 0.926 | |||||
PEU3 | 0.918 | |||||
PEU4 | 0.920 | |||||
Mobile Payment Intention | MBI1 | 0.927 | 0.957 | 0.969 | 0.885 | Acceptable |
MBI2 | 0.957 | |||||
MBI3 | 0.942 | |||||
MBI4 | 0.936 |
No. | Relationship | Standard Beta | Standard Error | TV | PV | Sig. | Decision |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IV→DV | |||||||
H1 | PU→MPI | 0.193 | 0.073 | 2.633 | 0.008 | Sig. + | Accepted |
H2 | PFC→MPI | 0.108 | 0.057 | 1.911 | 0.056 | Sig. + | Accepted |
H3 | PEU→MPI | 0.017 | 0.040 | 0.414 | 0.679 | N.S. | Rejected |
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Lutfi, A.; Al-Okaily, M.; Alshirah, M.H.; Alshira’h, A.F.; Abutaber, T.A.; Almarashdah, M.A. Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainability in Jordanian Context. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116312
Lutfi A, Al-Okaily M, Alshirah MH, Alshira’h AF, Abutaber TA, Almarashdah MA. Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainability in Jordanian Context. Sustainability. 2021; 13(11):6312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116312
Chicago/Turabian StyleLutfi, Abdalwali, Manaf Al-Okaily, Malek Hamed Alshirah, Ahmad Farhan Alshira’h, Thaer Ahmad Abutaber, and Manal Ali Almarashdah. 2021. "Digital Financial Inclusion Sustainability in Jordanian Context" Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116312