How to Effectively Enhance Sustainable Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems: A Comparative Study from Western Kenya
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Systems Theme, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), P.O. Box 30677, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
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Soils Theme, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), P.O. Box 30677, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
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UNEP DTU Partnership, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2019, 11(6), 1564; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061564
Received: 23 January 2019
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Revised: 1 March 2019
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Accepted: 9 March 2019
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Published: 14 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development of Tropical Agriculture)
Increasing communities’ adaptive capacity is crucial to enhancing the sustainability of livelihoods and landscapes in smallholder systems. This study evaluates the contributions of an asset-based community-driven local development project, which has an objective to enhance farmer livelihoods through context-specific agricultural and agroforestry training, in line with farmers’ identities, interests, and preferences. The project was implemented in two areas of the wider Nyando river basin: the Lower and Middle Nyando sites. The project effects on farmer livelihoods were evaluated by analyzing overall income enhancement through the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices via the computation of total values of harvest. Socioeconomic data from 183 households, half of which were involved in the project, were considered. The findings showed that locality played an important role in the adoption and success of good agricultural practices. Additional significant positive factors included project participation, size of land operated, horticulture farming, livestock ownership, ownership of a title deed, hours worked, and crop species richness. The number of years farmed had a significant negative correlation with the value of harvest. Considering the stark differences in livelihood effects in both sites, researchers conclude that external support for climate-smart agriculture uptake needs to be considerate of, and respond to, biophysical and socioeconomic context.
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Keywords:
sustainable development; adaptive capacity; asset-based community-development; climate-smart agriculture; horticulture; agroforestry
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fuchs, L.E.; Orero, L.; Namoi, N.; Neufeldt, H. How to Effectively Enhance Sustainable Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems: A Comparative Study from Western Kenya. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061564
AMA Style
Fuchs LE, Orero L, Namoi N, Neufeldt H. How to Effectively Enhance Sustainable Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems: A Comparative Study from Western Kenya. Sustainability. 2019; 11(6):1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061564
Chicago/Turabian StyleFuchs, Lisa Elena, Levi Orero, Nictor Namoi, and Henry Neufeldt. 2019. "How to Effectively Enhance Sustainable Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems: A Comparative Study from Western Kenya" Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1564. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061564
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