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Infectious Disease Reports, Volume 18, Issue 1

2026 February - 19 articles

Cover Story: Cutaneous leishmaniasis remains a major global health burden, with current therapies often limited by systemic toxicity and variable efficacy. Amphotericin B is a potent alternative, yet the need for intravenous administration restricts its clinical use. In this study, we developed and evaluated polymeric and lipid-based topical nanocarriers loaded with Amphotericin B to enhance local drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes. Using a murine model of Leishmania amazonensis infection, both formulations significantly reduced lesion progression and parasite burden at the infection site. These findings highlight the importance of formulation design and treatment timing, underscoring topical nanocarriers as promising strategies for safer, more effective management of cutaneous leishmaniasis. View this paper
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Articles (19)

  • Article
  • Open Access
357 Views
10 Pages

14 February 2026

Background/Objectives: The 2020 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines recommend a single 200 mg dose of doxycycline within 72 h of tick removal after a high-risk bite for Lyme disease prophylaxis. However, limited data are availabl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
234 Views
13 Pages

Sickened by the Weather: Exploring the Climatic Impact on West Nile Virus (WNV) and Legionella pneumophila in Piedmont—A Retrospective Observational Study (2021–2024)

  • Paolo Valesella,
  • Antonio Curtoni,
  • Alessio Leone,
  • Marco Iannaccone,
  • Fabrizia Pittaluga,
  • Elisa Zanotto,
  • Alessandro Bondi,
  • Rocco Francesco Rinaldo,
  • Nour Shbaklo and
  • Cristina Costa
  • + 5 authors

12 February 2026

Background: Climate change represents a major global health challenge, with rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns influencing the spread of infectious diseases. This study investigated the association between climatic factors (averag...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
275 Views
8 Pages

Prosthetic-Valve Endocarditis with Discordant Isolates: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

  • Raffaele Ferri,
  • Francesco Mucedola,
  • Marcella Conserva,
  • Jacopo Vecchiet and
  • Katia Falasca

12 February 2026

Prosthetic-valve endocarditis (PVE) represents one of the most serious forms of infective endocarditis, marked by high mortality and considerable management complexity. The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines emphasise the diagnostic...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
674 Views
15 Pages

Efficacy and Safety of Minocycline-Containing Bismuth Quadruple Therapies Versus Standard First-Line Bismuth Quadruple Therapies for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Hakim Ullah Wazir,
  • Abdul Muqeet Khuram,
  • I M Khalid Reza,
  • Hafsa Ajmal,
  • Hafsa Parveen,
  • Zeeshan Ahmed,
  • Yousra Iftequar,
  • Noora Inam,
  • Ilyas Muhammad Sulaiman and
  • Ussama Shafaqat
  • + 3 authors

Background: Growing antibiotic resistance and the limited availability of key components in standard Helicobacter pylori treatments have driven the search for effective alternatives. Minocycline, with its broad-spectrum activity and favorable pharmac...

  • Review
  • Open Access
525 Views
24 Pages

Atypical Presentations in Melioidosis: A Case-Based Review from Endemic Regions

  • Saurav Jyoti Patgiri,
  • Anukalpa Saikia,
  • Sushmita Yadav,
  • Md. Atique Ahmed,
  • Luna Adhikari,
  • Chimanjita Phukan,
  • Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay and
  • Harpreet Kaur

Background: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a severe and often underdiagnosed infection endemic to South Asia, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia. While pneumonia and sepsis are the classical presentations, the disease is inc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
323 Views
11 Pages

Background/Objectives: Fusarium species are recognized as difficult-to-treat opportunistic pathogens due to extensive antifungal resistance and high mortality rates. Variability in its incidence and outcomes exists across different countries and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
334 Views
16 Pages

Background: Millions of people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between life years lost and demographic factors in the subset of individuals in Puerto...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
321 Views
5 Pages

Addressing Infectious Diseases in Vulnerable Populations Under the Auspices of One Health: A Call for Action in Europe

  • Botond Lakatos,
  • Ferenc Balázs Farkas,
  • Giacomo Guido,
  • Annalisa Saracino and
  • Francesco Di Gennaro

While infectious diseases represent a daunting challenge to public health worldwide, their impact is disproportionately felt among the most vulnerable and marginalized segments of society [...]

  • Review
  • Open Access
510 Views
14 Pages

Diagnostic Accuracy of Utilizing Artificial Intelligence for Malaria Diagnostic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Icha Farihah Deniyati Faratisha,
  • Khadijah Cahya Yunita,
  • Hanifa Rizky Rahmawati,
  • Loeki Enggar Fitri,
  • Nuning Winaris and
  • Lailil Muflikah

Background: Malaria remains a major public health concern around the world. Microscopic blood smear examination continues to be the gold standard for diagnosis; however, it requires high technical skills and expertise, limiting diagnostic accuracy in...

  • Review
  • Open Access
502 Views
16 Pages

Background/objectives: Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful systems-biology tool for deciphering dynamic metabolic alterations occurring during infectious diseases and following vaccination. While genomics and proteomics provide extensive molecular...

  • Article
  • Open Access
468 Views
12 Pages

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Romania Versus Europe: An Epidemiological and Public Health Perspective, 2024 Update

  • Andreea-Iuliana Ciobanu,
  • Sebastian Ionescu,
  • Ana Maria Tudor,
  • Mariana Mărdărescu,
  • Laurențiu-Mihăiță Stratan,
  • Adrian Gabriel Marinescu,
  • Cătălin Tiliscan,
  • Aida-Isabela Adamescu,
  • Oana Ganea and
  • Victoria Aramă
  • + 1 author

Background/Objectives: This study presents a comprehensive and updated epidemiological and public health assessment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Romania during 2022–2024, situated within the wider European context. Methods: For this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
476 Views
14 Pages

Persistence of Symptoms and Long-Term Recovery in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Results from a Five-Year Follow-Up Cohort

  • Ana Roel Conde,
  • Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales,
  • María Navarro Téllez,
  • Carlos Gutiérrez Ortega and
  • Miriam Estébanez Muñoz

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of persistent symptoms and the radiological and laboratory evolution at 6 months and 5 years after discharge in patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia during the first wave o...

  • Essay
  • Open Access
463 Views
8 Pages

Faster than Virus: The Physics of Pandemic Prediction

  • Serena Vita,
  • Giovanni Morlino,
  • Alessandra D’Abramo,
  • Laura Scorzolini,
  • Gaetano Maffongelli,
  • Delia Goletti,
  • Francesco Vairo,
  • Enrico Girardi,
  • Massimo Ciccozzi and
  • Emanuele Nicastri

Background: Zoonotic spillover events with pandemic potential are increasingly associated with environmental change, ecosystem disruption, and intensified human–animal interactions. Although the specific origin and timing of future pandemics re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
469 Views
16 Pages

Beyond the Skin: Topical Amphotericin B Nanocarriers Targeting Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with Suppression of Lymphatic Parasite Burden

  • Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
  • Gabriel Barcellos,
  • Luiz Filipe Gonçalves-Oliveira,
  • Luzia Monteiro de Castro Côrtes,
  • Franklin Souza-Silva,
  • Carlos Roberto Alves,
  • Geovane Dias-Lopes,
  • Juliana Figueiredo Peixoto,
  • Beatriz Ferreira de Carvalho Patricio and
  • Helvécio Vinícius Antunes Rocha

Background/Objectives: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a global health challenge, with treatment options often limited by drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Amphotericin B (AmB) represents a promising alternative. but intravenous administrat...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
558 Views
8 Pages

An Unusual Case of Listeria monocytogenes-Associated Rhombencephalitis Complicated by Brain Abscesses in Italy, 2024

  • Maria Gori,
  • Giorgia Orsani,
  • Carlotta Ortelli,
  • Erika Scaltriti,
  • Luca Bolzoni,
  • Luigi Vezzosi,
  • Silvia Bianchi,
  • Clara Fappani,
  • Daniela Colzani and
  • Elisabetta Tanzi
  • + 4 authors

Background/Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is an extremely rare cause of brain abscesses, accounting for 1–10% of neurolisteriosis cases reported in the literature, associated with high mortality (approximately 23%). Data on diagnosis,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
450 Views
12 Pages

Background/Objectives: Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a severe and complex disease despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. The changing epidemiological profile, with an ageing population, has reshaped its presentation and management. This s...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
491 Views
4 Pages

The increase of infections caused by difficult-to-treat resistant (DTR) Gram-negatives is becoming an ever-growing remarkable issue for public health [...]

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
501 Views
15 Pages

A Rare Case of Rhizomucor pusillus Infection in a 3-Year-Old Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Presenting with Lung and Brain Abscesses—Case Report

  • Yanko Pahnev,
  • Boryana Avramova,
  • Natalia Gabrovska,
  • Yolin Dontcheva,
  • Genoveva Tacheva,
  • Krasimir Minkin,
  • Hans Kreipe,
  • Nadezhda Yurukova,
  • Marin Penkov and
  • Hristo Shivachev
  • + 10 authors

Invasive Mucormycosis (IM) is an extremely rare infection with a high mortality rate, caused by a group of fungi classified as Mucorales moulds. Rhizomucor pusillus is a saprophitic, thermophilic, and angioinvasive microorganism that grows and lives...

  • Article
  • Open Access
508 Views
10 Pages

Background: Onychomycosis is a common nail infection primarily caused by Trichophyton rubrum, posing therapeutic challenges due to poor antifungal penetration and high recurrence rates. Conventional treatments include topical and systemic antifungals...

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Infect. Dis. Rep. - ISSN 2036-7449