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Infectious Disease Reports
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Review on Infectious Diseases
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Review on Infectious Diseases

A special issue of Infectious Disease Reports (ISSN 2036-7449). This special issue belongs to the section "Infection Prevention and Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 July 2026 | Viewed by 3330

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Carlo Tascini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine (DAME), Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy
Interests: bacterial infection; yeast infection; multidrug-resistant bacterial infection; therapeutic drug-monitoring antibiotics; COVID-19

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases continue to represent a major global health challenge, particularly in the context of the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of novel pathogens. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, coupled with the evolving complexity of managing invasive fungal and viral infections, underscores the urgent need for comprehensive and up-to-date syntheses of current evidence.

This Special Issue, “Review on Infectious Diseases”, aims to bring together high-quality review articles that explore the latest advances in our understanding of infectious disease pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment. Special emphasis will be placed on antibiotic stewardship, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), infections caused by resistant organisms, and the clinical management of emerging diseases such as COVID-19. In addition, we invite contributions addressing innovative diagnostic technologies, infection-control strategies, and the global burden of healthcare-associated infections.

Given the rapidly evolving nature of this field, we will consider for publication only review articles, including systematic reviews, scoping reviews, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses, that have the potential to inform clinical practice and guide future research directions. This collection intends to serve as a valuable reference for clinicians, microbiologists, pharmacists, and researchers alike.

Prof. Dr. Carlo Tascini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Infectious Disease Reports is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • multidrug-resistant organisms
  • therapeutic drug monitoring
  • bacterial infections
  • fungal infections
  • viral infections
  • antibiotic stewardship
  • emerging pathogens
  • infection control

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

16 pages, 2374 KB  
Review
Therapeutic Management of Septic Venous Thrombosis: A Narrative Review
by Anabel Franco-Moreno, Ana Bustamante-Fermosel, Juan Torres-Macho and Belén Comeche-Fernández
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2026, 18(2), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/idr18020031 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 601
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Septic venous thrombosis is an uncommon complication but clinically significant due to its high morbidity and mortality and the complexity of therapeutic decision-making. The lack of standardized guidelines and the scarcity of high-quality studies complicate clinical management, as most available evidence derives [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Septic venous thrombosis is an uncommon complication but clinically significant due to its high morbidity and mortality and the complexity of therapeutic decision-making. The lack of standardized guidelines and the scarcity of high-quality studies complicate clinical management, as most available evidence derives from highly heterogeneous case series and retrospective studies. In this context, a comprehensive overview is essential to guide real-world practice. Methods: This manuscritp provides an in-depth review of the treatment of septic venous thrombosis at its most frequent sites, including the portal vein and its branches, the pelvic veins, catheter-associated events, the internal jugular vein, and dural venous sinus thrombosis. Results: Across all scenarios, early initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of treatment and must be tailored to the suspected source of infection and the patient’s clinical course. In parallel, although the role of anticoagulation remains debated, several observational studies suggest potential benefits in terms of recanalization and complication prevention, particularly in selected patients. Conclusions: However, the decision to anticoagulate should be carefully individualized within a multidisciplinary framework. Despite the recent progress, many clinical uncertainties remain. Therefore, well-designed clinical trials are needed to define optimal therapeutic strategies for this condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review on Infectious Diseases)
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24 pages, 397 KB  
Review
Atypical Presentations in Melioidosis: A Case-Based Review from Endemic Regions
by Saurav Jyoti Patgiri, Anukalpa Saikia, Sushmita Yadav, Md. Atique Ahmed, Luna Adhikari, Chimanjita Phukan, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay and Harpreet Kaur
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2026, 18(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/idr18010015 - 3 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
Background: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a severe and often underdiagnosed infection endemic to South Asia, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia. While pneumonia and sepsis are the classical presentations, the disease is increasingly recognized for its diverse and atypical clinical manifestations. [...] Read more.
Background: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a severe and often underdiagnosed infection endemic to South Asia, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia. While pneumonia and sepsis are the classical presentations, the disease is increasingly recognized for its diverse and atypical clinical manifestations. Objective: The objective is to improve diagnostic accuracy and increase clinical awareness in both endemic and non-endemic settings by reviewing and classifying atypical presentations of melioidosis that have been documented in the literature. Methods: A narrative, case-based review was conducted using 238 published case reports and series from endemic and transitional regions during the period from 2000 to 2025. Cases with non-respiratory presentations or anatomical locations not commonly linked to melioidosis were classified as atypical. Clinical syndromes were used to classify the extracted cases, and common patterns in presentation, diagnosis, and outcome were examined. Results: One hundred and sixty published articles were included after a full text review. The most frequent atypical presentations included neurological involvement (e.g., brain abscess, encephalomyelitis), musculoskeletal infections (osteomyelitis, myositis), thyroid abscess, tubo-ovarian abscess, and dermatologic manifestations such as erythema nodosum. Imported and pediatric cases were also found. Numerous cases were misidentified as cancer, fungal infections, or tuberculosis. Among risk factors, diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent. Non-specific symptoms, a lack of laboratory capacity, and incorrect pathogen identification frequently resulted in delays in diagnosis. Conclusions: In endemic areas, melioidosis should be taken into account when making a differential diagnosis of a variety of clinical syndromes, especially in patients who have diabetes or have had relevant environmental exposure. Poor outcomes and diagnostic delays are greatly exacerbated by atypical presentations. Improving diagnostic capabilities and raising awareness are crucial to lessening the worldwide burden of this often ignored but potentially deadly infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review on Infectious Diseases)
16 pages, 737 KB  
Review
Metabolomics in Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Response: Insights into Neglected Tropical and Non-Neglected Pathogens
by Mahbuba Rahman, Hasbun Nahar Hera and Urbana Islam Barsha
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2026, 18(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/idr18010010 - 12 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1039
Abstract
Background/objectives: Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful systems-biology tool for deciphering dynamic metabolic alterations occurring during infectious diseases and following vaccination. While genomics and proteomics provide extensive molecular and regulatory information, metabolomics uniquely reflects the biochemical phenotype associated with infection, immune activation, and [...] Read more.
Background/objectives: Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful systems-biology tool for deciphering dynamic metabolic alterations occurring during infectious diseases and following vaccination. While genomics and proteomics provide extensive molecular and regulatory information, metabolomics uniquely reflects the biochemical phenotype associated with infection, immune activation, and immunometabolic reprogramming. The objective of this review is to provide an integrated analysis of metabolomics applications across both neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and non-NTD pathogens, highlighting its dual role in biomarker discovery and vaccine response evaluation. Methods: A comprehensive literature-based synthesis was conducted to examine metabolomic studies in infectious diseases and vaccinology. Metabolic perturbations associated with specific pathogens, as well as vaccine-induced metabolic changes and correlates of immune responses, were systematically analyzed and compared across NTD and non-NTD contexts. Results: Distinct pathogen- and vaccine-associated metabolic signatures were identified, reflecting alterations in glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid remodeling, and immunoregulatory pathways. Comparative analysis revealed both shared and disease-specific metabolic biomarkers across NTDs and non-NTD infections. Importantly, vaccine-related metabolic correlates were shown to mirror immune activation states and, in some cases, predict immunogenicity and response durability. Conclusions: This review bridges metabolomics research in infectious disease pathogenesis and vaccine immunology across the NTD and non-NTD spectrum. By integrating these domains, it introduces the concept of “metabolic immuno-signatures” as predictive and translational tools for evaluating vaccine efficacy and immune response outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review on Infectious Diseases)
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