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World Electric Vehicle Journal, Volume 17, Issue 6

2026 June - 49 articles

Cover Story: The automobile is being reinvented. The attributes of automobiles have changed: it is no longer just a means of transportation; it is also a source of moving energy and information. Our goal is no longer only to reach the destination, but to enjoy the journey. Mobility is freedom and it is also happiness. This perspective identifies three paradigms that are reshaping the automobile: the Heart Revolution, replacing the engine with bidirectional electric power; the Brain Evolution, giving vehicles AI-driven perception and decision-making abilities; and Network Integration, linking cars into energy, information, and transportation systems. Guided by the “Four Networks and Four Flows” theory, the car is becoming an intelligent mobile terminal. The work clarifies a five-in-one “Human–Vehicle–Road–Cloud–Satellite” architecture, a human-centered blueprint for sustainable, intelligent mobility. View this paper
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Articles (49)

  • Article
  • Open Access
519 Views
26 Pages

Lane-changing and overtaking constitute a typical complex driving manoeuvre for intelligent vehicles operating on structured roads; this task demands that the vehicle not only plan a safe and smooth lane-change trajectory but also requires the contro...

(This article belongs to the Section Automated and Connected Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
503 Views
24 Pages

For low-speed heavy-load steering of electric forklifts, conventional three-loop proportional–integral (PI) control employs a fixed saturation limit on the position-loop output. Consequently, the maximum allowable speed cannot be adjusted accor...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle Control and Management)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,450 Views
34 Pages

The worldwide shift to electric mobility has intensified in recent years owing to heightened apprehensions over greenhouse gas emissions, energy security, and the necessity for sustainable transportation systems. Electric vehicles (EVs) are acknowled...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
644 Views
28 Pages

Photovoltaic (PV) generation and electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure are changing the dynamic behavior of current power systems, especially in terms of voltage stability and LVRT capabilities. In this work, 50% PV penetration on a modified...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle Control and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
835 Views
26 Pages

Real-time scheduling in large-scale electric vehicle charging stations is challenged by stochastic vehicle arrivals, dynamic departures, limited charging resources, and station-level power constraints. To address this problem, this paper proposes a t...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle and Transportation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
579 Views
25 Pages

Direct grid-connected wireless charging based on direct AC–AC conversion is attractive for electric vehicles (EVs) because it can reduce power conversion stages and improve charger compactness. In matrix-converter-based wireless power transfer...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
828 Views
22 Pages

Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) has been widely used to assess the environmental, economic, and social impacts of emerging technologies. However, its practical application in decision support remains limited due to incompatibility of unit...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
465 Views
29 Pages

Research on Energy-Saving Control Strategies for Multi-Axis Distributed Heavy-Duty Mining Trucks

  • Bin Huang,
  • Jinyu Wei,
  • Lianbing Suo,
  • Guochao Zhang and
  • Guanlun Guo

Considering that conventional heavy-duty mining trucks equipped with centralized drive systems suffer from low transmission efficiency and limited flexibility in power distribution, this study focuses on distributed independent-drive heavy-duty minin...

(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Propulsion Systems and Components in Electric Vehicle)
  • Review
  • Open Access
902 Views
40 Pages

A Review of the Thermal Management System of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles According to the Classification of Phase Change Materials

  • Juan Serrano-Arellano,
  • Gabriela Y. Ortiz-Lagunas,
  • Juan M. Belman-Flores,
  • Karla M. Aguilar-Castro,
  • Francisco N. Demesa-López,
  • Abisai J. Reséndiz-Barrón,
  • Miguel A. Gómez-Martínez and
  • Jesús A. Moctezuma-Hernández

Thermal regulation of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery modules is a critical constraint for electric vehicle (EV) safety and durability, particularly during high-C-rate operation. Phase change materials (PCMs) have emerged as promising passive solutions...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,609 Views
28 Pages

Architectural Pathways and Integration Constraints for Feasible Onboard Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Battery Electric Vehicles

  • Roger Bautista-Florensa,
  • Daniel Montesinos-Miracle,
  • Alberto Gómez-Núñez and
  • Carlos Abomailek

Reliable battery health assessment is essential to accelerate battery electric vehicle (BEV) adoption, yet most existing in-vehicle methods do not capture the complex processes driving ageing. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) offers deepe...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
965 Views
27 Pages

Low-Cost Instrumentation for Energy-Based Assessment of Electric Vehicles Under High-Altitude and High-Gradient Real-World Driving Conditions

  • David Sebastian Puma-Benavides,
  • Bolivar Alejandro Cuaical-Angulo,
  • Alex Santiago Cevallos-Carvajal,
  • Guillermo Mauricio Cruz-Arcos,
  • Edilberto Antonio Llanes-Cedeño and
  • Pablo Javier Guagalango-Gómez

This study presents an energy-based assessment of a battery electric sport utility vehicle (SUV) tested under high-altitude and high-gradient real-world conditions in Ambato, Ecuador, at approximately 2500 m above sea level. A low-cost instrumentatio...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Supply and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,051 Views
27 Pages

Spatiotemporal Assessment of Solar Powered EV Charging Infrastructure: A Case Study of Kampala-Wakiso Area in Uganda

  • Jane Namaganda-Kiyimba,
  • Jade Kinobe Ssewagudde,
  • Roy Muhangi,
  • Esther Kabajurizi,
  • Jérémy Dumoulin,
  • Nicolas Wyrsch and
  • Jonathan Serugunda

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) creates a planning challenge for the Kampala-Wakiso metropolitan region in Uganda, where the electricity grid already faces local network constraints. This study applies the EVPV-Simulator, an open-source...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,168 Views
13 Pages

Wallbox Inspection—Evaluating Solar Controlled Charging of EV Charging Equipment

  • Bernhard Wille-Haussmann,
  • Jan Körber,
  • Vishnu Karthik Senthil Kumar,
  • Nico Orth and
  • Joseph Bergner

To make electric mobility possible and acceptable on a large scale, it is necessary to integrate electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in residential energy systems. Solar surplus charging, a special case of controlled charging, is a popular...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
556 Views
19 Pages

Lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) are highly sensitive to temperature variations, and excessive heat accumulation can adversely affect their performance, lifespan, and safety. Therefore, an effective battery thermal management sys...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,382 Views
24 Pages

Temperature monitoring is critical for lithium-ion battery (LIB) safety and performance, yet instrumenting every cell in a commercial pack remains impractical due to cost and wiring constraints. Existing sensorless methods rely on either physics-base...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,229 Views
20 Pages

Baseline Assessment of ESCALATE Zero-Emission Long-Haul Truck Demonstrations Regarding Total Cost of Ownership

  • Mikko Pihlatie,
  • Mikaela Ranta,
  • Sai Santhosh Tota,
  • Erik Skeel,
  • Pekka Rahkola,
  • Joel Anttila,
  • Tsegawu Kercho,
  • Dimitrios Kontses,
  • Umit Utku Turkan and
  • Adrián Valverde
  • + 11 authors

The baseline assessment analysis for total cost of ownership of the pilot demonstrations of the ESCALATE project was carried out for four different powertrain configurations, dealing with modular and scalable powertrains for various vehicle configura...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,452 Views
33 Pages

The growing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) and distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation is increasing operational uncertainty in distribution networks and intensifying long-standing challenges such as higher power losses, rising peak demand,...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
756 Views
17 Pages

Market Dynamics of Electric Single-Person Vehicles in Sweden: Opportunities and Challenges

  • Hans Lindh ten Berg,
  • Pia Sundbergh,
  • Sara Berntsson and
  • Björn Tano

The market for electric single-person vehicles in Sweden has undergone significant changes, shifting from a rental-dominated model to increasing private ownership. This transformation has resulted in both benefits and challenges, including improved a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
444 Views
19 Pages

Electric vehicle (EV) fleets are expanding rapidly and will place substantial demand on distribution grids. Day-ahead scheduling of city-scale EV charging constitutes a constrained multi-objective optimization problem that must balance peak load, loa...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,151 Views
11 Pages

This study investigates the charging behaviors, routines, and perceptions of Swedish electric vehicle (EV) users who lack access to home charging, a group that remains underrepresented in the EV adoption literature. Based on an online survey of 250 E...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
641 Views
19 Pages

Electric vehicle (EV) charging behaviors exhibit significant heterogeneity in terms of price sensitivity, time-of-day preference, and weekend charging habits, creating challenges for charging demand prediction and service management. To address this...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
483 Views
18 Pages

To address the poor adaptability to diverse driving cycles and the imbalance between optimization performance and computational efficiency in existing energy management strategies (EMSs) for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), this paper propos...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle Control and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,271 Views
23 Pages

The global transition to electric mobility is crucial for reducing transportation-related emissions, although there is a scarcity of empirical research on customer adoption psychology in transition economies in Central Asia. This study investigates t...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,079 Views
23 Pages

Against the backdrop of the global aviation industry’s commitment to achieving the “Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050” goal, the issue of superimposed peak loads on distribution networks—arising from the large-scale transition...

(This article belongs to the Section Automated and Connected Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
966 Views
16 Pages

This paper presents the modelling and dynamic analysis of a Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) operating under three representative load models: constant impedance (Z), constant power load (CPL), and composite ZIP (constant impedance, constant curre...

(This article belongs to the Section Propulsion Systems and Components)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,541 Views
33 Pages

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) has advantages with high power density, wide speed range, small size, and high efficiency, and is widely used in the drive system of electric vehicles. Compared to other types of motors, permanent m...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle and Transportation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
941 Views
20 Pages

This study examines Connecticut’s strategic approach to electric vehicle (EV) workforce development within the framework of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) and its National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) program. Amid the U.S. g...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
998 Views
15 Pages

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the rapid expansion of public charging infrastructure pose new challenges and opportunities for energy systems, particularly in urban settings. This study presents an optimization-based evaluation o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,800 Views
36 Pages

System-Level Modeling and Integration of Al–Air Batteries in Dual-Energy-Storage Electric Vehicles

  • Yasmin Shabeer,
  • Seyed Saeed Madani,
  • Satyam Panchal and
  • Michael Fowler

Electric vehicles (EVs) relying solely on lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries face limitations related to range, mass, charging time, and battery downsizing. This study develops a dynamic system-level modeling framework for integrating an aluminum–a...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
856 Views
13 Pages

To meet climate goals, the automotive industry is transitioning to electromobility, reshaping vehicle model variants, market composition and therefore influencing purchasing decisions. To cover the full range of possible vehicle models for the German...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
752 Views
18 Pages

Accurate range prediction is crucial for reducing range anxiety and optimizing the energy management of electric two-wheelers (E2Ws). In this study, we propose a stacked ensemble model to predict the remaining driving range (RDR) of E2Ws with enhance...

(This article belongs to the Section Automated and Connected Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
594 Views
23 Pages

Mobile emergency generators and mobile energy storage clusters are core flexible resources for the rapid recovery of critical loads in post-disaster distribution networks and the enhancement of resilience in isolated microgrids. However, due to the s...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Supply and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
526 Views
18 Pages

Despite the global movement toward sustainable mobility, the adoption of electric and autonomous vehicles (EVs/AVs) in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries is shaped by unique socio-cultural and structural contingencies. This study provides a sig...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
804 Views
47 Pages

Electrification of road transport is widely promoted as a pathway to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; however, its effectiveness depends critically on electricity carbon intensity, renewable energy share, charging behavior, and grid capacity co...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Supply and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
515 Views
21 Pages

Vehicle damage detection is an important task in intelligent transportation systems and insurance assessment, yet it remains challenging due to the subtle appearance, irregular shapes, and spatial dispersion of damage regions in complex environments....

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle and Transportation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
606 Views
36 Pages

The integration of electric vehicles with grid vehicles promotes the creation of multi-energy microgrid models. One of the aims of these models is to decrease electricity usage through Vehicle-to-Grid planning. Effective management of microgrids nece...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
338 Views
24 Pages

Regional EV Charging Load Forecasting Based on SCLD and FCW

  • Taoyong Li,
  • Huiming Zhang,
  • Jincheng Liu,
  • Bin Li,
  • Xiaoxuan Tang and
  • Wenting Zha

Against the backdrop of global energy transition and the continuous growth in electric vehicle (EV) market penetration, accurate forecasting of EV charging load is critically important for guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of power grids. Mo...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
636 Views
16 Pages

In response to the frequent safety incidents associated with the core electrical systems (i.e., traction battery, charging system, and drive motor) of new energy vehicles (NEVs) and the lack of forward-looking quantitative risk assessment methods in...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle and Transportation Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
978 Views
24 Pages

Precision battery-health monitoring and rapid degradation detection are essential for improving the security, durability, and efficacy of electric vehicles (EVs). By incorporating short-term State-of-Health (SoH) forecasting, mid-term deterioration a...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
505 Views
21 Pages

A Novel Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method with Wavelet Packet Decomposition Time-Frequency Feature Enhancement

  • Dengfeng Zhao,
  • Chaoyang Tian,
  • Zhijun Fu,
  • Kaixin Huang,
  • Shesen Dong,
  • Jinquan Ding,
  • Junjian Hou and
  • Chaohui Liu

Accurate bearing fault diagnosis in electric drive systems is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of new energy vehicles. Aiming at the problem of inaccurate bearing fault diagnosis caused by the failure to fully utilize the time-frequenc...

(This article belongs to the Section Vehicle Control and Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,040 Views
18 Pages

Stan4SWAP: Towards Efficient Standards for Light Electric Vehicle Battery Swap

  • Peter Van den Bossche,
  • Arjen Mentens,
  • Guillaume Mario Dotreppe and
  • Valery Ann Jacobs

Light electric vehicles within the L category are expected to play a significant role in promoting sustainable urban transport, advantageous for both society and the environment. The batteries in these vehicles are well suited for swapping, necessita...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue EVS38—International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (Gothenburg, Sweden))
  • Article
  • Open Access
417 Views
18 Pages

By representing the battery pack as a networked system, the battery management system (BMS) is formulated as a multi-agent system, and voltage equalization is thereby transformed into cooperative control among multiple agents. Furthermore, some poten...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,114 Views
25 Pages

This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic and environmental evaluation of ten standalone solar-powered mobile charging station configurations for mini electric vehicles (MEVs) in Kuwait, simulated using HOMER Pro (v3.18.4). The configuratio...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
981 Views
24 Pages

Multi-Stack Efficiency Optimization Strategies for Fuel Cell Systems

  • Chunsheng Wang,
  • Xiaoshuang Hou,
  • Xinyao Zhou and
  • Bingbing Luo

With the in-depth advancement of the “dual carbon” strategy, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs), as efficient and clean energy conversion devices, show great potential in the fields of transportation power and stationary power g...

(This article belongs to the Section Storage Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,601 Views
27 Pages

Battery Electric Vehicle Readiness in Thailand, Lao PDR, and Vietnam: A Demand–Supply Assessment

  • Salinee Santiteerakul,
  • Sakgasem Ramingwong,
  • Apichat Sopadang,
  • Korrakot Yaibuathet Tippayawong,
  • Poti Chaopaisarn,
  • Jirapat Wanitwattanakosol,
  • Boontarika Paphawasit,
  • Suttinee Sawadsitang and
  • Tisinee Surapunt

Despite growing scholarly attention to electric vehicle adoption in Southeast Asia, no study has systematically compared battery electric vehicle (BEV) readiness across Thailand, Lao PDR, and Vietnam using a unified demand–supply framework. Thi...

(This article belongs to the Section Marketing, Promotion and Socio Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,041 Views
38 Pages

Machine Learning-Based Methodology for Intelligent Energy Management Strategy in Heavy-Duty Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Pantograph

  • Jose del C. Julio-Rodríguez,
  • Pedro S. Gonzalez-Rodriguez,
  • Stefania Matilde Amaya-Sandoval,
  • David Sebastian Puma-Benavides,
  • Milton Israel Quinga-Morales,
  • Javier Milton Solís-Santamaria and
  • Edilberto Antonio Llanes-Cedeño

This study presents a novel methodology for optimizing energy management strategies in heavy-duty Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles (FCHEVs) with pantograph charging systems. The approach integrates machine learning (ML) techniques to predict energy...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Supply and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
546 Views
21 Pages

Given the complex operating conditions and latent faults exhibited by electric vehicle charging infrastructure amid massive order volumes, traditional monitoring methods based on thresholds or single statistical metrics struggle to detect dynamic, ti...

(This article belongs to the Section Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,642 Views
38 Pages

The rapid development of autonomous vehicles is based mainly on their ability to accurately perceive their environment, where artificial intelligence and computer vision act as the core of environmental perception. In this regard, deep learning-based...

(This article belongs to the Section Automated and Connected Vehicles)
  • Perspective
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,849 Views
28 Pages

New Paradigms in Automotive Engineering

  • Ching-Chuen Chan,
  • Tianlu Ma,
  • Xiaosheng Wang,
  • Yibo Wang,
  • Hanqing Cao and
  • Chaoqiang Jiang

Driven by global energy transformation and the progress of artificial intelligence technology, traditional automotive engineering is undergoing profound changes. Transportation is rapidly advancing toward electrification and intelligence. Against thi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Journey of Energy and Electric Vehicle Revolutions—Infinite Possibilities in the Science World: In Honor of Prof. Dr. C.C. Chan’s 90th Birthday)
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World Electr. Veh. J. - ISSN 2032-6653