Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes

Boetker, Johan P.; Koradia, Vishal; Rades, Thomas; Rantanen, Jukka; Savolainen, Marja

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics4010093

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes

¹,

^1,†,

²,

^1,* and

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Current address: Technical R&D, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.

Pharmaceutics 2012, 4(1), 93-103; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics4010093

Received: 12 December 2011 / Revised: 5 January 2012 / Accepted: 19 January 2012 / Published: 31 January 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The 1st Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutical Science)

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figures

Citation Export

Abstract

Amlodipine besilate, a calcium channel antagonist, exists in several solid forms. Processing of anhydrate and dihydrate forms of this drug may lead to solid state changes, and is therefore the focus of this study. Milling was performed for the anhydrate form, whereas the dihydrate form was subjected to quench cooling thereby creating an amorphous form of the drug from both starting materials. The milled and quench cooled samples were, together with the crystalline starting materials, analyzed with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Raman spectroscopy and atomic pair-wise distribution function (PDF) analysis of the XRPD pattern. When compared to XRPD and Raman spectroscopy, the PDF analysis was superior in displaying the difference between the amorphous samples prepared by milling and quench cooling approaches of the two starting materials. View Full-Text

Keywords: atomic pair-wise distribution functions; Raman spectroscopy; XRPD; amlodipine besilate

▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Boetker, J.P.; Koradia, V.; Rades, T.; Rantanen, J.; Savolainen, M. Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes. Pharmaceutics 2012, 4, 93-103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics4010093

AMA Style

Boetker JP, Koradia V, Rades T, Rantanen J, Savolainen M. Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes. Pharmaceutics. 2012; 4(1):93-103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics4010093

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boetker, Johan P., Vishal Koradia, Thomas Rades, Jukka Rantanen, and Marja Savolainen. 2012. "Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes" Pharmaceutics 4, no. 1: 93-103. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics4010093

Find Other Styles

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Only visits after 24 November 2015 are recorded.

Article Menu

Atomic Pairwise Distribution Function Analysis of the Amorphous Phase Prepared by Different Manufacturing Routes

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI