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Pharmaceutics
  • Retraction
  • Open Access

18 December 2025

RETRACTED: Khan et al. Norfloxacin Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Fabrication, Characterization, In Silico Modelling and Toxicity Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1632

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1
Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
2
Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Kawazulu Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
3
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
This article belongs to the Section Drug Delivery and Controlled Release
The journal retracts the article “Norfloxacin Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Fabrication, Characterization, In Silico Modelling and Toxicity Evaluation” [1] cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding the integrity of a figure presented in this publication [1].
Adhering to our standard procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and Editorial Board that identified indications of inappropriate editing and partial duplication between Figure 4 in [1] and Figure 8 in [2], presenting different experimental conditions. While the authors collaborated with this process, raw material meeting the journal’s requirements for original images could not be provided for evaluation by the Editorial Board. Consequently, the Editorial Board has lost confidence in the reliability of the findings and has decided to retract this publication, as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Pharmaceutics.
The authors did not agree to this retraction.

References

  1. Khan, M.A.; Khan, S.; Kazi, M.; Alshehri, S.M.; Shahid, M.; Khan, S.U.; Hussain, Z.; Sohail, M.; Shafique, M.; Hamid, H.A.; et al. RETRACTED: Norfloxacin Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Fabrication, Characterization, In Silico Modelling and Toxicity Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1632. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. Shafique, M.; Khan, M.A.; Khan, W.S.; Ahmad, W.; Khan, S. Fabrication, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of famotidine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for boosting oral bioavailability. J. Nanomater. 2017, 2017, 7357150. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
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