Incorporation of Spike and Membrane Glycoproteins into Coronavirus Virions
by
Makoto Ujike * and Fumihiro Taguchi
Makoto Ujike * and Fumihiro Taguchi
Laboratory of Virology and Viral Infections, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Marc Johnson and Shan-Lu Liu
Viruses 2015, 7(4), 1700-1725; https://doi.org/10.3390/v7041700
Received: 25 November 2014 / Revised: 23 March 2015 / Accepted: 24 March 2015 / Published: 3 April 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Glycoprotein Incorporation)
The envelopes of coronaviruses (CoVs) contain primarily three proteins; the two major glycoproteins spike (S) and membrane (M), and envelope (E), a non-glycosylated protein. Unlike other enveloped viruses, CoVs bud and assemble at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). For efficient virion assembly, these proteins must be targeted to the budding site and to interact with each other or the ribonucleoprotein. Thus, the efficient incorporation of viral envelope proteins into CoV virions depends on protein trafficking and protein–protein interactions near the ERGIC. The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings on the mechanism of incorporation of the M and S glycoproteins into the CoV virion, focusing on protein trafficking and protein–protein interactions.
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Keywords:
coronavirus; membrane protein; spike protein; assembly; protein trafficking; intracellular retention signal; protein interactions
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ujike, M.; Taguchi, F. Incorporation of Spike and Membrane Glycoproteins into Coronavirus Virions. Viruses 2015, 7, 1700-1725.
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