Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants and Data
2.2. Clinical Variables
2.3. Measurement of HCMV-Reactive IgG Antibodies, sCD14 and sCD163
2.4. Outcomes
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Value |
---|---|
Age (yrs) | 56.5 ± 11.2 |
Male | 889 (43.4%) |
Smoking status Never | 1191 (58.1%) |
Ex | 639 (31.2%) |
Current | 220 (10.7%) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 4.3 |
BP treatment | 344 (16.8%) |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 126.0 ± 17.0 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.79 ± 1.07 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.41 ± 0.40 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.37 ± 0.89 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.07 ± 1.29 |
CRP (mg/L) | 3.26 ± 9.30 |
eGFR (mL/min) | 68.1 ± 11.5 |
Diabetes | 132 (6.4%) |
COPD | 190 (9.3%) |
log HCMV IgG (AU/mL) | 8.59 ± 4.12 |
log sCD14 (ng/mL) | 14.2 ± 0.3 |
log sCD163 (ng/mL) | 6.18 ± 0.38 |
All-cause death 5 years | 59 (2.9%) |
10 years | 161 (7.9%) |
20 years | 448 (21.9%) |
CVD death 5 years | 22 (1.1%) |
10 years | 51 (2.5%) |
20 years | 152 (7.4%) |
ACS 5 years | 25 (1.2%) |
10 years | 63 (3.1%) |
20 years | 139 (6.8%) |
MACCE 1 5 years | 93 (4.5%) |
10 years | 236 (11.5%) |
20 years | 575 (28.0%) |
MACCE 2 5 years | 60 (2.9%) |
10 years | 138 (6.7%) |
20 years | 319 (15.6%) |
Model 1 3 | Model 2 4 | Model 3 5 | Model 4 6 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
All-cause death | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) | 0.013 | 1.04 (1.00, 1.07) | 0.024 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | 0.039 | 1.04 (1.00, 1.07) | 0.037 |
CVD death | 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) | 0.368 | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | 0.668 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) | 0.766 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) | 0.757 |
ACS | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) | 0.611 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 0.452 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 0.451 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 0.451 |
MACCE 1 1 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.05) | 0.053 | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | 0.104 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.188 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.127 |
MACCE 2 2 | 1.01 (0.97, 1.04) | 0.633 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | 0.797 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | 0.806 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04) | 0.811 |
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Lee, S.; van den Berg, N.; Castley, A.; Divitini, M.; Knuiman, M.; Price, P.; Nolan, D.; Sanfilippo, F.; Dwivedi, G. Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort. Viruses 2022, 14, 2676. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122676
Lee S, van den Berg N, Castley A, Divitini M, Knuiman M, Price P, Nolan D, Sanfilippo F, Dwivedi G. Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort. Viruses. 2022; 14(12):2676. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122676
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Silvia, Nikki van den Berg, Alison Castley, Mark Divitini, Matthew Knuiman, Patricia Price, David Nolan, Frank Sanfilippo, and Girish Dwivedi. 2022. "Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort" Viruses 14, no. 12: 2676. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122676
APA StyleLee, S., van den Berg, N., Castley, A., Divitini, M., Knuiman, M., Price, P., Nolan, D., Sanfilippo, F., & Dwivedi, G. (2022). Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort. Viruses, 14(12), 2676. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122676